Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Illness resulting from influenza is a global health problem that has significant adverse socioeconomic impact. Although various strategies such as flu vaccination have beneficial effects, the risk of this illness has not been eliminated. The use of botanicals may provide a complementary approach by enhancement of the host antiviral immune response.
OBJECTIVE: Generate preclinical data using rodent models to determine the most effective utility of a Limnospira (formerly Arthrospira)-derived oral supplement (Immulina®) for enhancing host immunity to improve antiviral resilience.
METHODS: Two non-lethal mouse models (prophylactic and therapeutic) were used to evaluate the impact of Immulina® on increasing host resilience against experimental influenza infection.
METHODS: Mice were fed Immulina® only for the 2 weeks prior to viral infection (prophylactic regime) or starting 3 days post-viral infection (at the onset of symptoms, therapeutic design). Three doses of Immulina® were evaluated in each model using both female and male mice.
RESULTS: Significant protective effect of Immulina® against viral illness was observed in the prophylactic model (improved clinical scores, less body weight loss, decreased lung/body weight ratio, lower lung viral load, and increased lung IFN-γ and IL-6). Substantially less (minimal) protective effect was observed in the therapeutic model.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that Immulina® exerts a protective effect against influenza illness when administered using a prophylactic regime and may not be effective if given after the onset of symptoms. The results will help to optimally design future clinical trials.
OBJECTIVE: Generate preclinical data using rodent models to determine the most effective utility of a Limnospira (formerly Arthrospira)-derived oral supplement (Immulina®) for enhancing host immunity to improve antiviral resilience.
METHODS: Two non-lethal mouse models (prophylactic and therapeutic) were used to evaluate the impact of Immulina® on increasing host resilience against experimental influenza infection.
METHODS: Mice were fed Immulina® only for the 2 weeks prior to viral infection (prophylactic regime) or starting 3 days post-viral infection (at the onset of symptoms, therapeutic design). Three doses of Immulina® were evaluated in each model using both female and male mice.
RESULTS: Significant protective effect of Immulina® against viral illness was observed in the prophylactic model (improved clinical scores, less body weight loss, decreased lung/body weight ratio, lower lung viral load, and increased lung IFN-γ and IL-6). Substantially less (minimal) protective effect was observed in the therapeutic model.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that Immulina® exerts a protective effect against influenza illness when administered using a prophylactic regime and may not be effective if given after the onset of symptoms. The results will help to optimally design future clinical trials.
摘要：
背景：由流感引起的疾病是一个全球性的健康问题，具有显著的不利的社会经济影响。虽然各种策略，如流感疫苗接种有有益的效果，这种疾病的风险尚未消除。植物药的使用可以通过增强宿主抗病毒免疫应答来提供互补方法。
目的：使用啮齿动物模型生成临床前数据，以确定Limnospira（以前的节肢动物）衍生的口服补充剂（Immulina®）用于增强宿主免疫力以提高抗病毒能力的最有效效用。
方法:使用两种非致死小鼠模型(预防性和治疗性)来评估Immulina®对增加宿主抵抗实验性流感感染的弹性的影响。
方法：小鼠仅在病毒感染前2周（预防方案）或病毒感染后3天开始（症状发作时，治疗设计)。使用雌性和雄性小鼠在每个模型中评估三个剂量的Immulina®。
结果：在预防性模型中观察到Immulina®对病毒性疾病的显着保护作用（改善的临床评分，体重减少，肺/体重比降低，降低肺病毒载量，和增加的肺IFN-γ和IL-6）。在治疗模型中观察到显著较小(最小)的保护作用。
结论：这项研究表明，Immulina®在使用预防方案给药时对流感疾病具有保护作用，如果在症状发作后给药，则可能无效。结果将有助于优化设计未来的临床试验。
目的：使用啮齿动物模型生成临床前数据，以确定Limnospira（以前的节肢动物）衍生的口服补充剂（Immulina®）用于增强宿主免疫力以提高抗病毒能力的最有效效用。
方法:使用两种非致死小鼠模型(预防性和治疗性)来评估Immulina®对增加宿主抵抗实验性流感感染的弹性的影响。
方法：小鼠仅在病毒感染前2周（预防方案）或病毒感染后3天开始（症状发作时，治疗设计)。使用雌性和雄性小鼠在每个模型中评估三个剂量的Immulina®。
结果：在预防性模型中观察到Immulina®对病毒性疾病的显着保护作用（改善的临床评分，体重减少，肺/体重比降低，降低肺病毒载量，和增加的肺IFN-γ和IL-6）。在治疗模型中观察到显著较小(最小)的保护作用。
结论：这项研究表明，Immulina®在使用预防方案给药时对流感疾病具有保护作用，如果在症状发作后给药，则可能无效。结果将有助于优化设计未来的临床试验。
