Abstract：
Sulawesi crested macaques (Macaca nigra) (SCMs) are critically endangered and frequently suffer from chronic intestinal disease in captivity. Often, despite routine diagnostic investigations and confirmation of intestinal inflammation, an aetiology cannot be identified, leading to a non-specific categorization as chronic enterocolitis rather than an aetiological diagnosis. This study evaluates the histological features of gastrointestinal tissues from 23 SCMs, comparing animals with a clinical history suggestive of chronic enterocolitis (n = 14) with those without gastrointestinal clinical signs (n = 9). Tissues were graded according to the Nancy index (NI), a scoring system used in human medicine to evaluate disease activity in ulcerative colitis, a common form of human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Additionally, inflammatory cells in the colonic lamina propria were visually identified by type, counted and subsequently compared between diseased and control animals. Moderate to severe lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and structural changes were most common in the colons of affected SCMs, whereas histopathological changes were absent or mild in all examined small intestine (n = 17) and stomach (n = 11) tissues. The colonic NI had a significant positive correlation with clinical disease severity and 57% (n = 8) of animals with clinical signs had a NI grade of ≥2, consistent with moderate to severe, active IBD. Half of SCMs with recurrent rectal prolapse (n = 6) had a NI grade of 0, suggesting that intestinal inflammation is not always part of this condition\'s pathogenesis. The numbers of colonic lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, macrophages and total leucocytes were significantly higher in diseased animals. This study validated the use of the NI in SCMs, enabling a more standardized histopathological evaluation of the colon in this species.
摘要：
苏拉威西冠状猕猴（Macacanigra）（SCMs）极度濒危，并且经常在囚禁中患有慢性肠道疾病。通常,尽管常规诊断调查和肠道炎症的确认，无法确定病因，导致非特异性分类为慢性小肠结肠炎，而不是病因诊断。这项研究评估了23个SCMs的胃肠道组织的组织学特征，将具有提示慢性小肠结肠炎的临床病史的动物（n=14）与没有胃肠道临床体征的动物（n=9）进行比较。根据南希指数(NI)对组织进行分级，用于人类医学评估溃疡性结肠炎疾病活动的评分系统，人类炎症性肠病（IBD）的一种常见形式。此外,结肠固有层中的炎症细胞通过类型进行视觉识别，计数并随后在患病动物和对照动物之间进行比较。中度至重度淋巴浆细胞性炎症和结构变化在受影响的SCMs的结肠中最常见，而所有检查的小肠（n=17）和胃（n=11）组织均无组织病理学改变或轻度改变。结肠NI与临床疾病严重程度呈显著正相关，57%(n=8)有临床体征的动物NI等级≥2，与中度至重度一致。活跃的IBD。复发性直肠脱垂的SCM中有一半（n=6）的NI等级为0，这表明肠道炎症并不总是这种情况的发病机理的一部分。结肠淋巴细胞的数量，浆细胞,中性粒细胞，患病动物的巨噬细胞和白细胞总数明显较高。这项研究验证了NI在SCM中的使用，能够对该物种的结肠进行更标准化的组织病理学评估。
