Abstract：
In this paper, undoped and copper-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized using a gliding arc discharge (GAD) plasma technique, which is a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable method. This method offers several advantages over traditional synthesis methods. The synthesized NPs were characterized by various techniques to understand their physicochemical properties. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic peaks of pure ZnO, while doped samples exhibited additional peaks corresponding to CuO crystal planes, indicating the successful incorporation of Cu into the lattice. As obvious, bare ZnO showed absorption peak at 378 nm corresponding to the band gap of 3.21 eV. The band gap of Cu-doped samples increased systematically, i.e., 3.35 eV for 2% Cu, 3.47 eV for 4% Cu, and 3.66 eV for 6% Cu. SEM images revealed aggregation and increase in particle size with the increasing in Cu concentration. EDAX analysis revealed a decrease in the weight percentage of oxygen and zinc with the increase in Cu concentration, suggesting structural changes within the lattice. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, antioxidant activity, and photocatalytic activity against three different organic dyes such as Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB), Methylene Blue (MB), and Congo Red (CR) was studied. It is found that the photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs varies with Cu concentration, leading to a decrease in its performance. The antibacterial activity of the NPs was also assessed, with undoped ZnO NPs showing dose-dependent effects against bacteria, while the Cu-doped ZnO NPs exhibited decreased efficacy. Interestingly, Cu doping significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity of the NPs compared to the undoped ZnO.
摘要：
在本文中,使用滑动电弧放电（GAD）等离子体技术成功合成了未掺杂和铜掺杂的ZnO纳米颗粒（NPs），这是一个可持续的，成本效益高,和可扩展的方法。该方法提供了优于传统合成方法的几个优点。通过各种技术表征合成的NP以了解它们的物理化学性质。XRD分析证实了纯ZnO的特征峰的存在，虽然掺杂样品表现出对应于CuO晶面的额外峰，表明Cu成功掺入晶格。很明显,裸ZnO在378nm处有吸收峰,带隙为3.21eV。铜掺杂样品的带隙系统地增加，即，2%Cu为3.35eV，4%Cu为3.47eV，和3.66eV的6%Cu。SEM图像显示随着Cu浓度的增加而聚集和粒径的增加。EDAX分析显示，随着Cu浓度的增加，氧和锌的重量百分比降低，暗示晶格内的结构变化。此外，对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的抗菌活性，抗氧化活性，和对三种不同的有机染料的光催化活性，例如亮甲酚蓝（BCB），亚甲蓝(MB),和刚果红（CR）进行了研究。发现ZnONP的光催化活性随Cu浓度而变化，导致其性能下降。还评估了NP的抗菌活性，未掺杂的ZnONPs对细菌表现出剂量依赖性作用，而Cu掺杂的ZnONP表现出降低的功效。有趣的是,与未掺杂的ZnO相比，Cu掺杂显着增强了NPs的抗氧化活性。
