Abstract：
High-risk human papillomaviruses are well-established drivers of several cancer types including cervical, head and neck, penile as well as anal cancers. While the E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins have proven to be critical for malignant transformation, evidence is also beginning to emerge suggesting that both host pathways and additional viral genes may also be pivotal for malignant transformation. Here, we focus on the role of host APOBEC genes, which have an important role in molecular editing including in the response to the viral DNA and their role in HPV-driven carcinogenesis. Further, we also discuss data developed suggesting the existence of HPV-derived miRNAs in HPV + tumors and their potential role in regulating the host transcriptome. Collectively, while recent advances in these two areas have added complexity to the working model of papillomavirus-induced oncogenesis, these discoveries have also shed a light onto new areas of research that will be required to fully understand the process.
摘要：
高风险的人乳头瘤病毒是包括宫颈癌在内的几种癌症类型的公认驱动因素，头部和颈部,阴茎癌和肛门癌。虽然E6和E7病毒癌蛋白已被证明是恶性转化的关键，证据也开始出现，表明宿主途径和其他病毒基因也可能是恶性转化的关键。这里,我们关注宿主APOBEC基因的作用，它们在分子编辑中具有重要作用，包括对病毒DNA的反应以及它们在HPV驱动的癌变中的作用。Further,我们还讨论了表明HPV肿瘤中存在HPV来源的miRNA及其在调节宿主转录组中的潜在作用的数据。总的来说，虽然这两个领域的最新进展增加了乳头瘤病毒诱导肿瘤发生的工作模型的复杂性，这些发现也为全面了解这一过程所需的新研究领域提供了启示。
