PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The anti-aging protein Klotho has diverse functions in antioxidative stress and energy metabolism through several pathways. While it has been reported that α-Klotho is downregulated in patients with insulin resistance (IR), the association between Klotho and IR is complex and controversial. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has provided a practical method for assessing IR. With this in mind, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and soluble α-Klotho protein levels in US populations, both with and without diabetes mellitus.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from middle-aged and older participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2016. The participants were divided into two groups based on their diabetes mellitus status: those with diabetes and those without diabetes. To evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and the concentration of the α-Klotho protein in each group, a series of survey-weighted multivariable linear regression models were employed. Furthermore, to examine the association between these two variables, multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline curves and subgroup analysis were generated.
RESULTS: The study involved 6,439 adults aged 40 years or older, with a mean age of 57.8 ± 10.9 years. Among them, 1577 (24.5%) had diabetes mellitus. A subgroup analysis indicated that the presence of diabetes significantly affected the relationship between the TyG index and the α-Klotho level. After considering all covariables, regression analysis of the participants without diabetes revealed that the α-Klotho concentration decreased by 32.35 pg/ml (95% CI: -50.07, -14.64) with each one unit increase in TyG (p < 0.001). The decline in α-Klotho levels with elevated TyG was more pronounced in the female population. In patients with diabetes mellitus, a non-linear association between the TyG index and α-Klotho was observed. There was no significant correlation observed between the two when TyG index were below 9.7. However, there was an increase in klotho levels of 106.44 pg/ml for each unit increase in TyG index above 9.7 (95% CI: 28.13, 184.74) (p = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that the presence of diabetes may influence the relationship between the TyG index and soluble α-Klotho. Furthermore, there seem to be sex differences in individuals without diabetes. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from middle-aged and older participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2016. The participants were divided into two groups based on their diabetes mellitus status: those with diabetes and those without diabetes. To evaluate the relationship between the TyG index and the concentration of the α-Klotho protein in each group, a series of survey-weighted multivariable linear regression models were employed. Furthermore, to examine the association between these two variables, multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline curves and subgroup analysis were generated.
RESULTS: The study involved 6,439 adults aged 40 years or older, with a mean age of 57.8 ± 10.9 years. Among them, 1577 (24.5%) had diabetes mellitus. A subgroup analysis indicated that the presence of diabetes significantly affected the relationship between the TyG index and the α-Klotho level. After considering all covariables, regression analysis of the participants without diabetes revealed that the α-Klotho concentration decreased by 32.35 pg/ml (95% CI: -50.07, -14.64) with each one unit increase in TyG (p < 0.001). The decline in α-Klotho levels with elevated TyG was more pronounced in the female population. In patients with diabetes mellitus, a non-linear association between the TyG index and α-Klotho was observed. There was no significant correlation observed between the two when TyG index were below 9.7. However, there was an increase in klotho levels of 106.44 pg/ml for each unit increase in TyG index above 9.7 (95% CI: 28.13, 184.74) (p = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that the presence of diabetes may influence the relationship between the TyG index and soluble α-Klotho. Furthermore, there seem to be sex differences in individuals without diabetes. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings.
摘要：
背景：抗衰老蛋白Klotho通过多种途径在抗氧化应激和能量代谢中具有多种功能。虽然有报道称α-Klotho在胰岛素抵抗（IR）患者中下调，Klotho和IR之间的联系是复杂且有争议的。甘油三酯-葡萄糖（TyG）指数为评估IR提供了一种实用的方法。考虑到这一点，我们的研究旨在调查美国人群中TyG指数与可溶性α-Klotho蛋白水平之间的关系，有和没有糖尿病。
方法：这项横断面研究分析了2007年至2016年进行的国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中老年参与者的数据。参与者根据他们的糖尿病状况分为两组：糖尿病患者和无糖尿病患者。为了评估各组的TyG指数与α-Klotho蛋白浓度之间的关系，采用了一系列调查加权多变量线性回归模型.此外，为了检查这两个变量之间的关联，生成多变量调整的受限三次样条曲线和亚组分析。
结果：该研究涉及6,439名40岁或以上的成年人，平均年龄57.8±10.9岁。其中,1577（24.5％）患有糖尿病。亚组分析表明，糖尿病的存在显着影响TyG指数与α-Klotho水平之间的关系。在考虑了所有的协变量之后，对无糖尿病参与者的回归分析显示,随着TyG每增加1个单位,α-Klotho浓度降低32.35pg/ml(95%CI:-50.07,-14.64)(p<0.001).在女性人群中，TyG升高的α-Klotho水平下降更为明显。在糖尿病患者中，观察到TyG指数和α-Klotho之间的非线性关联。当TyG指数低于9.7时，两者之间没有观察到显著的相关性。然而,TyG指数每增加一个单位，klotho水平就会增加106.44pg/ml，高于9.7(95%CI:28.13,184.74)(p=0.008)。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，糖尿病的存在可能影响TyG指数与可溶性α-Klotho之间的关系。此外，没有糖尿病的人似乎存在性别差异。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现。
方法：这项横断面研究分析了2007年至2016年进行的国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）中老年参与者的数据。参与者根据他们的糖尿病状况分为两组：糖尿病患者和无糖尿病患者。为了评估各组的TyG指数与α-Klotho蛋白浓度之间的关系，采用了一系列调查加权多变量线性回归模型.此外，为了检查这两个变量之间的关联，生成多变量调整的受限三次样条曲线和亚组分析。
结果：该研究涉及6,439名40岁或以上的成年人，平均年龄57.8±10.9岁。其中,1577（24.5％）患有糖尿病。亚组分析表明，糖尿病的存在显着影响TyG指数与α-Klotho水平之间的关系。在考虑了所有的协变量之后，对无糖尿病参与者的回归分析显示,随着TyG每增加1个单位,α-Klotho浓度降低32.35pg/ml(95%CI:-50.07,-14.64)(p<0.001).在女性人群中，TyG升高的α-Klotho水平下降更为明显。在糖尿病患者中，观察到TyG指数和α-Klotho之间的非线性关联。当TyG指数低于9.7时，两者之间没有观察到显著的相关性。然而,TyG指数每增加一个单位，klotho水平就会增加106.44pg/ml，高于9.7(95%CI:28.13,184.74)(p=0.008)。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，糖尿病的存在可能影响TyG指数与可溶性α-Klotho之间的关系。此外，没有糖尿病的人似乎存在性别差异。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现。
