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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The role of hemoglobin (HGB) in common malignant tumors remains unclear.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify the correlation between HGB levels and risk of 15 malignant tumors using 50,085 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mendelian Randomization analyses (MRAs) were performed based on genome-wide association study data to assess the causal relationship between HGB levels and these malignant tumors using more than 700,000 samples. The robustness of the MRA results was confirmed through various analytical methods. Fifty-six in-house samples were used to investigate the correlation between HGB levels and the prognosis in prostate cancer (PRCA) using the Kaplan-Meier curve.
RESULTS: High HGB levels were associated with a higher risk for patients with cervix cancer, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancer (OR > 1.000, p < 0.05). It served as a protective factor for colon cancer, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, bone cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, and PRCA (OR < 1.000, p < 0.05). Furthermore, MRAs suggested that elevated HGB levels were correlated with a reduced risk of PRCA (OR = 0.869, p < 0.05), with no significant association observed between this marker and the remaining 14 malignant tumors. No pleiotropy or heterogeneity was found in the ultimate results for MRAs (p-values > 0.05), suggesting the robustness of the results. The results derived from the in-house data revealed a relationship between higher HGB values and a more favorable prognosis in PRCA (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: High circulating HGB levels may play a protective prognostic role for PRCA and serve as a protective factor against the occurrence of PRCA.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted to identify the correlation between HGB levels and risk of 15 malignant tumors using 50,085 samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Mendelian Randomization analyses (MRAs) were performed based on genome-wide association study data to assess the causal relationship between HGB levels and these malignant tumors using more than 700,000 samples. The robustness of the MRA results was confirmed through various analytical methods. Fifty-six in-house samples were used to investigate the correlation between HGB levels and the prognosis in prostate cancer (PRCA) using the Kaplan-Meier curve.
RESULTS: High HGB levels were associated with a higher risk for patients with cervix cancer, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancer (OR > 1.000, p < 0.05). It served as a protective factor for colon cancer, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer, bone cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, and PRCA (OR < 1.000, p < 0.05). Furthermore, MRAs suggested that elevated HGB levels were correlated with a reduced risk of PRCA (OR = 0.869, p < 0.05), with no significant association observed between this marker and the remaining 14 malignant tumors. No pleiotropy or heterogeneity was found in the ultimate results for MRAs (p-values > 0.05), suggesting the robustness of the results. The results derived from the in-house data revealed a relationship between higher HGB values and a more favorable prognosis in PRCA (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: High circulating HGB levels may play a protective prognostic role for PRCA and serve as a protective factor against the occurrence of PRCA.
摘要：
背景：血红蛋白（HGB）在常见恶性肿瘤中的作用尚不清楚。
方法：使用来自国家健康和营养检查调查的50,085个样本进行了回顾性分析，以确定HGB水平与15种恶性肿瘤风险之间的相关性。根据全基因组关联研究数据进行孟德尔随机化分析（MRA），以使用超过700,000个样本评估HGB水平与这些恶性肿瘤之间的因果关系。通过各种分析方法证实了MRA结果的稳健性。56个内部样本用于使用Kaplan-Meier曲线研究HGB水平与前列腺癌（PRCA）预后之间的相关性。
结果：高HGB水平与宫颈癌患者的高风险相关，黑色素瘤，和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（OR>1.000，p<0.05）。它是结肠癌的保护因子，食道癌,胃癌,骨癌,肺癌,肾癌,和PRCA（OR<1.000，p<0.05）。此外，MRA提示HGB水平升高与PRCA风险降低相关(OR=0.869,p<0.05),在该标记与其余14种恶性肿瘤之间没有观察到显着关联。在MRA的最终结果中没有发现多效性或异质性(p值>0.05)，这表明了结果的稳健性。从内部数据得出的结果揭示了PRCA中较高的HGB值与更有利的预后之间的关系（p<0.05）。
结论：高循环HGB水平可能对PRCA起到保护预后作用，并作为防止PRCA发生的保护因素。
方法：使用来自国家健康和营养检查调查的50,085个样本进行了回顾性分析，以确定HGB水平与15种恶性肿瘤风险之间的相关性。根据全基因组关联研究数据进行孟德尔随机化分析（MRA），以使用超过700,000个样本评估HGB水平与这些恶性肿瘤之间的因果关系。通过各种分析方法证实了MRA结果的稳健性。56个内部样本用于使用Kaplan-Meier曲线研究HGB水平与前列腺癌（PRCA）预后之间的相关性。
结果：高HGB水平与宫颈癌患者的高风险相关，黑色素瘤，和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（OR>1.000，p<0.05）。它是结肠癌的保护因子，食道癌,胃癌,骨癌,肺癌,肾癌,和PRCA（OR<1.000，p<0.05）。此外，MRA提示HGB水平升高与PRCA风险降低相关(OR=0.869,p<0.05),在该标记与其余14种恶性肿瘤之间没有观察到显着关联。在MRA的最终结果中没有发现多效性或异质性(p值>0.05)，这表明了结果的稳健性。从内部数据得出的结果揭示了PRCA中较高的HGB值与更有利的预后之间的关系（p<0.05）。
结论：高循环HGB水平可能对PRCA起到保护预后作用，并作为防止PRCA发生的保护因素。
