Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Granular Cell Tumor (GCT) is an uncommon benign lesion in the oral cavity whose pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Due to their infrequent occurrence and similarity to other oral lesions, they are often forgotten during the initial clinical diagnosis. Therefore, understanding its prevalence, clinical and pathological characteristics is crucial for an accurate diagnosis and adequate management.
METHODS: All cases diagnosed as GCTs in six Brazilian and Argentinian oral diagnostic centers were re-evaluated by HE staining, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected and evaluated.
RESULTS: The series comprised 45 female (73.8%) and 16 male (26.2%), with a 2.8:1 female-to-male ratio and a mean age of 35.3 ± 16.9 years (range: 7-77 years). Most cases occurred on the tongue (n = 49; 81.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic papules or nodules (n = 50; 89.3%) with a normochromic (n = 25; 45.5%) or yellowish (n = 11; 20.0%) coloration and sizes ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 cm (mean ± SD: 1.40 ± 0.75 cm). Morphologically, most tumors were characterized by a poorly delimited proliferation (n = 52; 88.1%) of cells typically rounded to polygonal containing abundant, eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm. Pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian were identified in all lesions (n = 61; 100%). Entrapment of skeletal striated muscle (n = 44; 72.1%) and nerve fibers (n = 42; 68.9%) were common findings. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) was observed in 23 cases (39.0%). In only 27.7% of cases (n = 13) there was agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Outcome information was available from 16 patients (26.2%), with clinical follow-up ranging from 4 to 36 months (mean 13.3 months), and none developed local recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and histopathological features of GCTs were consistent with those described in previous studies. In general, these lesions have a predilection for the lateral region of the tongue in adult women. It is essential to consider GCTs in the differential diagnosis of yellow or normochromic papules and nodules in the oral cavity. Histopathological evaluation is essential for the definitive diagnosis and the prognosis is excellent.
METHODS: All cases diagnosed as GCTs in six Brazilian and Argentinian oral diagnostic centers were re-evaluated by HE staining, and clinical, demographic, and histopathological data were collected and evaluated.
RESULTS: The series comprised 45 female (73.8%) and 16 male (26.2%), with a 2.8:1 female-to-male ratio and a mean age of 35.3 ± 16.9 years (range: 7-77 years). Most cases occurred on the tongue (n = 49; 81.6%) and presented clinically as asymptomatic papules or nodules (n = 50; 89.3%) with a normochromic (n = 25; 45.5%) or yellowish (n = 11; 20.0%) coloration and sizes ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 cm (mean ± SD: 1.40 ± 0.75 cm). Morphologically, most tumors were characterized by a poorly delimited proliferation (n = 52; 88.1%) of cells typically rounded to polygonal containing abundant, eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm. Pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian were identified in all lesions (n = 61; 100%). Entrapment of skeletal striated muscle (n = 44; 72.1%) and nerve fibers (n = 42; 68.9%) were common findings. Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) was observed in 23 cases (39.0%). In only 27.7% of cases (n = 13) there was agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis. Outcome information was available from 16 patients (26.2%), with clinical follow-up ranging from 4 to 36 months (mean 13.3 months), and none developed local recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical and histopathological features of GCTs were consistent with those described in previous studies. In general, these lesions have a predilection for the lateral region of the tongue in adult women. It is essential to consider GCTs in the differential diagnosis of yellow or normochromic papules and nodules in the oral cavity. Histopathological evaluation is essential for the definitive diagnosis and the prognosis is excellent.
摘要：
背景：颗粒细胞瘤（GCT）是一种罕见的口腔良性病变，其发病机制尚不清楚。由于其罕见发生且与其他口腔病变相似，在最初的临床诊断中，它们经常被遗忘。因此,了解其普遍性，临床和病理特征对于准确诊断和适当管理至关重要。
方法：对6个巴西和阿根廷口腔诊断中心诊断为GCT的所有病例进行HE染色重新评估，临床,人口统计学,收集和评估组织病理学数据。
结果：该系列包括45名女性（73.8％）和16名男性（26.2％），男女比例为2.8：1，平均年龄为35.3±16.9岁（范围：7-77岁）。大多数病例发生在舌头上（n=49；81.6％），临床上表现为无症状的丘疹或结节（n=50；89.3％），具有正常变色（n=25；45.5％）或淡黄色（n=11；20.0％）着色，大小范围为0.2至3.0cm（平均±SD：1.40±0.75cm）。形态学上,大多数肿瘤的特征是有限的增殖（n=52;88.1％）细胞通常圆形到多边形，嗜酸性粒细胞,细颗粒状细胞质。在所有病变中均发现了Milian的卵形体（n=61；100％）。骨骼肌横纹肌（n=44；72.1％）和神经纤维（n=42；68.9％）的捕获是常见的发现。23例(39.0%)出现假性上皮瘤增生(PEH)。在仅27.7％的病例（n=13）中，临床和组织病理学诊断之间存在一致性。结果信息来自16例患者（26.2%），临床随访4-36个月（平均13.3个月），没有发生局部复发。
结论：GCT的临床和组织病理学特征与先前研究中描述的一致。总的来说,这些病变对成年女性的舌头外侧区域有好感。在口腔黄色或正常色斑丘疹和结节的鉴别诊断中，必须考虑GCT。组织病理学评估对于明确诊断至关重要，预后良好。
方法：对6个巴西和阿根廷口腔诊断中心诊断为GCT的所有病例进行HE染色重新评估，临床,人口统计学,收集和评估组织病理学数据。
结果：该系列包括45名女性（73.8％）和16名男性（26.2％），男女比例为2.8：1，平均年龄为35.3±16.9岁（范围：7-77岁）。大多数病例发生在舌头上（n=49；81.6％），临床上表现为无症状的丘疹或结节（n=50；89.3％），具有正常变色（n=25；45.5％）或淡黄色（n=11；20.0％）着色，大小范围为0.2至3.0cm（平均±SD：1.40±0.75cm）。形态学上,大多数肿瘤的特征是有限的增殖（n=52;88.1％）细胞通常圆形到多边形，嗜酸性粒细胞,细颗粒状细胞质。在所有病变中均发现了Milian的卵形体（n=61；100％）。骨骼肌横纹肌（n=44；72.1％）和神经纤维（n=42；68.9％）的捕获是常见的发现。23例(39.0%)出现假性上皮瘤增生(PEH)。在仅27.7％的病例（n=13）中，临床和组织病理学诊断之间存在一致性。结果信息来自16例患者（26.2%），临床随访4-36个月（平均13.3个月），没有发生局部复发。
结论：GCT的临床和组织病理学特征与先前研究中描述的一致。总的来说,这些病变对成年女性的舌头外侧区域有好感。在口腔黄色或正常色斑丘疹和结节的鉴别诊断中，必须考虑GCT。组织病理学评估对于明确诊断至关重要，预后良好。
