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Abstract：
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling encompasses a multitude of functions, including regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, and patterning. FGFs and their receptors (FGFR) are crucial for adult tissue repair processes. Aberrant FGF signal transduction is associated with various pathological conditions such as cartilage damage, bone loss, muscle reduction, and other core pathological changes observed in orthopedic degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis (OA), intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoporosis (OP), and sarcopenia. In OA and IVDD pathologies specifically, FGF1, FGF2, FGF8, FGF9, FGF18, FGF21, and FGF23 regulate the synthesis, catabolism, and ossification of cartilage tissue. Additionally, the dysregulation of FGFR expression (FGFR1 and FGFR3) promotes the pathological process of cartilage degradation. In OP and sarcopenia, endocrine-derived FGFs (FGF19, FGF21, and FGF23) modulate bone mineral synthesis and decomposition as well as muscle tissues. FGF2 and other FGFs also exert regulatory roles. A growing body of research has focused on understanding the implications of FGF signaling in orthopedic degeneration. Moreover, an increasing number of potential targets within the FGF signaling have been identified, such as FGF9, FGF18, and FGF23. However, it should be noted that most of these discoveries are still in the experimental stage, and further studies are needed before clinical application can be considered. Presently, this review aims to document the association between the FGF signaling pathway and the development and progression of orthopedic diseases. Besides, current therapeutic strategies targeting the FGF signaling pathway to prevent and treat orthopedic degeneration will be evaluated.
摘要：
成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）信号包括多种功能，包括调节细胞增殖，分化,形态发生,和图案。FGFs及其受体（FGFR）对于成人组织修复过程至关重要。FGF信号转导异常与软骨损伤等各种病理状况有关,骨丢失,肌肉减少，以及在骨科退行性疾病如骨关节炎（OA）中观察到的其他核心病理变化，椎间盘退变(IVDD),骨质疏松症（OP），和肌少症.特别是在OA和IVDD病理学中，FGF1，FGF2，FGF8，FGF9，FGF18，FGF21和FGF23调节合成，分解代谢，软骨组织骨化。此外,FGFR表达失调(FGFR1和FGFR3)促进软骨降解的病理过程。在OP和肌少症中，内分泌衍生的FGFs（FGF19，FGF21和FGF23）调节骨矿物质的合成和分解以及肌肉组织。FGF2和其他FGF也发挥调节作用。越来越多的研究集中在理解FGF信号在骨科变性中的意义。此外，已经确定了FGF信号中越来越多的潜在靶标，例如FGF9、FGF18和FGF23。然而,应该指出的是，这些发现中的大多数仍处于实验阶段，在考虑临床应用之前，还需要进一步的研究。目前,本综述旨在记录FGF信号通路与骨科疾病发生发展的关系。此外,将评估目前针对FGF信号通路预防和治疗骨科变性的治疗策略。
