PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Timely postexposure prophylaxis is important after an occupational exposure. Here we review select organisms, exposure opportunities in the healthcare setting, and postexposure prophylaxis regimens.
RESULTS: Needlestick injuries pose a risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens, such as HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C. Risk mitigation strategies should be reexamined in light of newer vaccines and therapeutics. Increased vaccine hesitancy and vaccine denialisms may foster the re-emergence of some infections that have become extremely uncommon because of effective vaccines. With increasing occurrences of zoonotic infections and the ease of global spread as evidenced by COVID-19 and mpox, healthcare exposures must also consider risks related to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Early recognition and reporting of occupational exposures to pathogens with available postexposure prophylaxis is key to mitigating the risk of transmission. Providers should be able to evaluate the exposure and associated risks to provide prompt and appropriate postexposure prophylaxis.
RESULTS: Needlestick injuries pose a risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens, such as HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C. Risk mitigation strategies should be reexamined in light of newer vaccines and therapeutics. Increased vaccine hesitancy and vaccine denialisms may foster the re-emergence of some infections that have become extremely uncommon because of effective vaccines. With increasing occurrences of zoonotic infections and the ease of global spread as evidenced by COVID-19 and mpox, healthcare exposures must also consider risks related to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Early recognition and reporting of occupational exposures to pathogens with available postexposure prophylaxis is key to mitigating the risk of transmission. Providers should be able to evaluate the exposure and associated risks to provide prompt and appropriate postexposure prophylaxis.
摘要：
目的：职业暴露后及时预防很重要。在这里，我们回顾一些生物，在医疗保健环境中的接触机会，和暴露后预防方案。
结果：针刺伤存在接触血源性病原体的风险，比如艾滋病毒，乙型肝炎,和丙型肝炎。风险缓解策略应根据更新的疫苗和治疗方法重新审查。增加的疫苗犹豫和疫苗否认可能会促进一些由于有效疫苗而变得极为罕见的感染的再次出现。随着人畜共患感染发生率的增加以及COVID-19和水痘在全球传播的容易程度，医疗保健暴露还必须考虑与新出现和重新出现的传染病相关的风险。
结论：早期识别和报告病原体的职业暴露并提供暴露后预防是降低传播风险的关键。提供者应能够评估暴露和相关风险，以提供及时和适当的暴露后预防。
结果：针刺伤存在接触血源性病原体的风险，比如艾滋病毒，乙型肝炎,和丙型肝炎。风险缓解策略应根据更新的疫苗和治疗方法重新审查。增加的疫苗犹豫和疫苗否认可能会促进一些由于有效疫苗而变得极为罕见的感染的再次出现。随着人畜共患感染发生率的增加以及COVID-19和水痘在全球传播的容易程度，医疗保健暴露还必须考虑与新出现和重新出现的传染病相关的风险。
结论：早期识别和报告病原体的职业暴露并提供暴露后预防是降低传播风险的关键。提供者应能够评估暴露和相关风险，以提供及时和适当的暴露后预防。
