Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Intravesical sequential doublet chemotherapy (SDC) is being used increasingly as a rescue treatment for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer failing bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), as single-agent chemotherapies are less effective, especially for carcinoma in situ. Considering the current BCG shortage, intravesical SDC also provides an efficacious alternative to BCG. Our aim is to detail the implementation to assist with establishing an efficient and practical intravesical SDC clinic for urologic practice.
UNASSIGNED: We searched PubMed for published studies with the Medical Subject Heading of \"intravesical chemotherapy\" and \"non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.\" The search was limited to English-language journals and full papers only. The initial search resulted in 260 articles, of which 20 relevant studies were selected.
UNASSIGNED: Five important processes were identified in the successful and efficient administration of intravesical SDC: (1) patient preparation, (2) medication procurement, (3) medication administration, (4) medication immediate aftermath, and (5) patient instruction and education. Safety precautions should be taken when handling each chemotherapy drug. A clinical pharmacist may be required for drug preparation. An important step in providing intravesical SDC is to use a closed system for the instillation of the chemo-solution. A special protocol should be adopted for every drug with its proper dwell time. The induction course consists of weekly instillation for 6 weeks. If an initial response is noted, maintenance therapy is recommended, typically monthly for 24 months.
UNASSIGNED: Successful intravesical SDC clinics necessitate appropriate patient selection, standardized workflow procedures, patient education, and good communication between the urologist, clinical pharmacists, and oncology nurses.
UNASSIGNED: We searched PubMed for published studies with the Medical Subject Heading of \"intravesical chemotherapy\" and \"non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.\" The search was limited to English-language journals and full papers only. The initial search resulted in 260 articles, of which 20 relevant studies were selected.
UNASSIGNED: Five important processes were identified in the successful and efficient administration of intravesical SDC: (1) patient preparation, (2) medication procurement, (3) medication administration, (4) medication immediate aftermath, and (5) patient instruction and education. Safety precautions should be taken when handling each chemotherapy drug. A clinical pharmacist may be required for drug preparation. An important step in providing intravesical SDC is to use a closed system for the instillation of the chemo-solution. A special protocol should be adopted for every drug with its proper dwell time. The induction course consists of weekly instillation for 6 weeks. If an initial response is noted, maintenance therapy is recommended, typically monthly for 24 months.
UNASSIGNED: Successful intravesical SDC clinics necessitate appropriate patient selection, standardized workflow procedures, patient education, and good communication between the urologist, clinical pharmacists, and oncology nurses.
摘要：
■膀胱内序贯双重化疗（SDC）正越来越多地用作非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌失败的卡介苗（BCG）的抢救治疗，因为单药化疗效果较差，尤其是原位癌.考虑到目前BCG的短缺,膀胱内SDC还提供了BCG的有效替代方案。我们的目标是详细实施，以协助建立有效且实用的膀胱内SDC诊所进行泌尿外科实践。
■我们搜索了PubMed发表的关于“膀胱内化疗”和“非肌层浸润性膀胱癌”的研究。搜索仅限于英语期刊和全文。最初的搜索结果是260篇文章，其中选择了20项相关研究。
■在成功和有效地施用膀胱内SDC中确定了五个重要过程：（1）患者准备，（2）药品采购，(3)用药管理,（4）立即用药后，（5）病人的指导和教育。处理每种化疗药物时应采取安全预防措施。药物制备可能需要临床药师。提供膀胱内SDC的重要步骤是使用封闭系统来滴注化学溶液。每种药物都应采用特殊的方案，并有适当的停留时间。诱导过程包括每周滴注6周。如果注意到初始响应，建议维持治疗，通常每月24个月。
■成功的膀胱内SDC诊所需要适当的患者选择，标准化的工作流程，患者教育,泌尿科医师之间的良好沟通,临床药师,还有肿瘤科护士.
■我们搜索了PubMed发表的关于“膀胱内化疗”和“非肌层浸润性膀胱癌”的研究。搜索仅限于英语期刊和全文。最初的搜索结果是260篇文章，其中选择了20项相关研究。
■在成功和有效地施用膀胱内SDC中确定了五个重要过程：（1）患者准备，（2）药品采购，(3)用药管理,（4）立即用药后，（5）病人的指导和教育。处理每种化疗药物时应采取安全预防措施。药物制备可能需要临床药师。提供膀胱内SDC的重要步骤是使用封闭系统来滴注化学溶液。每种药物都应采用特殊的方案，并有适当的停留时间。诱导过程包括每周滴注6周。如果注意到初始响应，建议维持治疗，通常每月24个月。
■成功的膀胱内SDC诊所需要适当的患者选择，标准化的工作流程，患者教育,泌尿科医师之间的良好沟通,临床药师,还有肿瘤科护士.
