PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Wastewater biotreatment systems harbor a rich diversity of microorganisms, and the effectiveness of biotreatment systems largely depends on the activity of these microorganisms. Specifically, viruses play a crucial role in altering microbial behavior and metabolic processes throughout their infection phases, an aspect that has recently attracted considerable interest. Two metagenomic approaches, viral-like particle-concentrated (VPC, representing free viral-like particles) and non-concentrated (NC, representing the cellular fraction), were employed to assess their efficacy in revealing virome characteristics, including taxonomy, diversity, host interactions, lifestyle, dynamics, and functional genes across processing units of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Our findings indicate that each approach offers unique insights into the viral community and functional composition. Their combined use proved effective in elucidating WWTP viromes. We identified nearly 50,000 viral contigs, with Cressdnaviricota and Uroviricota being the predominant phyla in the VPC and NC fractions, respectively. Notably, two pathogenic viral families, Asfarviridae and Adenoviridae, were commonly found in these WWTPs. We also observed significant differences in the viromes of WWTPs processing different types of wastewater. Additionally, various phage-derived auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) were active at the RNA level, contributing to the metabolism of the microbial community, particularly in carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus cycling. Moreover, we identified 29 virus-carried antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with potential for host transfer, highlighting the role of viruses in spreading ARGs in the environment. Overall, this study provides a detailed and integrated view of the virosphere in three WWTPs through the application of VPC and NC metagenomic approaches. Our findings enhance the understanding of viral communities, offering valuable insights for optimizing the operation and regulation of wastewater treatment systems.
摘要：
废水生物处理系统蕴藏着丰富多样的微生物，生物处理系统的有效性在很大程度上取决于这些微生物的活性。具体来说,病毒在整个感染阶段改变微生物行为和代谢过程中起着至关重要的作用，一个最近引起了相当大兴趣的方面。两种宏基因组方法，病毒样颗粒浓缩(VPC，代表游离病毒样颗粒)和非浓缩(NC，代表细胞部分)，被用来评估它们在揭示病毒学特征方面的功效，包括分类法，多样性,主机交互，生活方式,动力学,和三个污水处理厂(WWTP)处理单元中的功能基因。我们的研究结果表明，每种方法都提供了对病毒群落和功能组成的独特见解。它们的联合使用被证明可有效阐明WWTP病毒。我们发现了近50,000个病毒重叠群,Cressdnaviricota和Uroviricota是VPC和NC部分中的主要门，分别。值得注意的是,两个致病性病毒家族，Asfarviridae和腺病毒科，常见于这些污水处理厂。我们还观察到处理不同类型废水的WWTP的病毒体存在显着差异。此外,各种噬菌体来源的辅助代谢基因（AMGs）在RNA水平上是活跃的，促进微生物群落的新陈代谢，特别是在碳中，硫磺,和磷循环。此外，我们确定了29个病毒携带的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs），具有宿主转移的潜力，强调病毒在环境中传播ARGs的作用。总的来说,通过应用VPC和NC宏基因组方法，本研究提供了三个WWTP中病毒层的详细和综合视图。我们的发现增强了对病毒群落的理解，为优化废水处理系统的运行和调节提供有价值的见解。
