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Abstract：
The geographical variation and domestication of tree species are an important part of the theory of forest introduction, and the tracing of the germplasm is the theoretical basis for the establishment of high-quality plantations. Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis Carr.) is an important native timber tree species widely distributed in northern China, but it is unclear exactly where germplasm of the main Chinese pine plantation populations originated. Here, using two mtDNA markers, we analyzed 796 individuals representing 35 populations (matR marker), and 873 individuals representing 38 populations (nad5-1 marker) of the major natural and artificial populations in northern China, respectively (Shanxi, Hebei and Liaoning provinces). The results confirmed that the core position of natural SX* populations (\"*\" means natural population) in the Chinese pine populations of northern China, the genetic diversity of HB and LN plantations was higher than that of natural SX* populations, and there was a large difference in genetic background within the groups of SX* and LN, HB showed the opposite. More importantly, we completed the \"point by point\" tracing of the HB and LN plantings. The results indicated that almost all HB populations originated from SX* (GDS*, ZTS*, GCS*, and THS*), which resulted in homogeneity of the genetic background of HB populations. Most of germplasm of the LN plantations originated from LN* (ZJS* and WF*), and the other part originated from GDS* (SX*), resulting in the large differences in the genetic background within the LN group. Our results provided a reliable theoretical basis for the scientific allocation, management, and utilization of Chinese pine populations in northern China, and for promoting the high-quality establishment of Chinese pine plantations.
摘要：
树种的地理变异和驯化是森林引种理论的重要组成部分,种质资源的追踪是建立优质人工林的理论基础。油松(油松。)是中国北方广泛分布的重要乡土用材树种，但目前尚不清楚中国松树主要人工林种群的种质来源。这里,使用两个mtDNA标记，我们分析了代表35个种群的796个个体（matR标记），以及代表中国北方主要自然和人工种群38个种群（nad5-1标记）的873个人，分别(山西，河北省和辽宁省）。结果证实，自然SX*种群（\“*”表示自然种群）在中国北方油松种群中的核心地位，HB和LN人工林的遗传多样性高于自然SX*种群，在SX*和LN的群体中，遗传背景有很大的差异，HB显示了相反的情况。更重要的是,我们完成了HB和LN种植的“逐点跟踪”。结果表明，几乎所有HB种群都起源于SX*（GDS*，ZTS*,GCS*,andTHS*),这导致HB种群遗传背景的同质性。LN种植园的大部分种质来源于LN*(ZJS*和WF*),另一部分来自GDS*(SX*)，导致LN群体内遗传背景的巨大差异。研究结果为科学分配提供了可靠的理论依据,管理,以及中国北方油松种群的利用，并促进油松人工林的高质量建立。
