Abstract：
This study aimed to (i) compare the extent of home-court advantage (HA) and home win percentage (HW) between Spanish basketball leagues across different playing levels (i.e., leagues) and (ii) analyze the influence of team ability on HA and HW within each playing level. We gathered data for game locations and results from open online sources for all games in the First Division (ACB), Second Division (LEB Gold), and Third Division (LEB Silver) Spanish male basketball leagues between 2010-2023. The dataset included 12 seasons, 635 teams (215 First Division, 203, Second Division, and 217 Third Division), and 19,539 games (7075 First Division, 6344 Second Division, and 5520 Third Division). We calculated HA [(total home wins/total wins) * 100] and HW [(total home wins/total home games) * 100] for each team across each season. We performed Kruskal Wallis tests, calculated partial eta squared (ηp2), and performed Mann-Whitney U tests with rank biserial correlation (rb) effect sizes and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner pairwise comparisons to compare HA and HW between leagues and between team abilities (low, medium, and/or high) within each league. There was a significant effect for HA between leagues (p = .01) with post hoc comparisons revealing a higher HA for the First Division than for the Third Division (p = .01), but HW was not significantly different between leagues. In turn, variations in HA and HW between team abilities were consistent across playing levels, with HW significantly increasing in a progressive manner with higher team abilities (p < .001) and with HA significantly lower among high-level teams compared to lower-ability team clusters (p < .01). These findings emphasize the importance of considering playing level and team ability and interpreting HA and HW together to contextualize an apparent home advantage in Spanish basketball.
摘要：
本研究旨在（i）比较西班牙篮球联赛在不同比赛水平上的主场优势（HA）和主场获胜百分比（HW）的程度（即，联赛）和（ii）在每个比赛水平内分析团队能力对HA和HW的影响。我们从第一分区（ACB）的所有游戏的开放在线资源中收集了游戏位置和结果的数据，第二师（LEBGold），和2010-2023年之间的第三级（LEBSilver）西班牙男子篮球联赛。数据集包括12个季节，635支队伍(215支第一分区，203，第二师，和217第三师)，和19,539场比赛（7075第一分区，6344第二师，和5520第三师)。我们计算了每个赛季每支球队的HA[（主场总胜利/总胜利）*100]和HW[（主场总胜利/主场总比赛）*100]。我们做了KruskalWallis测试,计算的偏eta平方(ηp2)，并进行了Mann-WhitneyU测试，使用等级双材料相关性（rb）效应大小和Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner成对比较，以比较联盟之间和团队能力之间的HA和HW（低，中等,和/或高）在每个联赛中。联赛之间的HA存在显着影响（p=.01），事后比较显示，第一师的HA高于第三师（p=.01），但是HW在联赛之间没有显着差异。反过来,团队能力之间HA和HW的变化在不同的比赛水平上是一致的，HW以渐进的方式显着增加，具有较高的团队能力（p<.001），与较低能力的团队集群相比，高水平团队中的HA显着降低（p<.01）。这些发现强调了考虑比赛水平和团队能力并一起解释HA和HW的重要性，以使西班牙篮球中明显的主场优势成为背景。
