Abstract：
Gel blasters are currently imported and marketed as children\'s toys in Australia. Gel blasters closely imitate the appearance of many genuine firearms of all types and are designed to propel small hydrated gel balls of approximately 7-8 mm in diameter, by means of compressed air or gas. They are considered illegal in all states of Australia except Queensland but these items aren\'t specifically written into most state firearms legislation. However, to be considered as children\'s toys, they must not exceed the recommended kinetic energy (KE) of 2500 J/m2 as outlined in the Australian/New Zealand Standard Safety of Toys - Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties (Safety of Toys ASNZS ISO 8124.1:2019) [1]. The aim of this study was to determine if a range of gel blasters would conform to the Australian & New Zealand Standard and have projectiles with kinetic energy of less than 2500 J/m2. Utilising the testing procedure outlined in ASNZS ISO 8124.1:2019 (Australian/New Zealand Standard Safety of Toys - Part 1: Safety Aspects related to Mechanical and Physical Properties (Safety of Toys ASNZS ISO 8124.1:2019) [1]), a range of gel blasters were tested. In addition, a number of NERF™ toys and airsoft firearms were tested to provide reference between an accepted child\'s toy and items considered to be a firearm, such as airsoft firearms. A NERF™ toy (commonly referred to as a blaster) fires a foam projectile at very low velocities through direct spring/striker impact to the rear of the dart, battery-powered motorised flywheel, or by compressed air generated by a small piston inside a cylinder. Airsoft firearms are designed to fire hard plastic balls (typically 6 mm in diameter) and can achieve velocities upwards of 90 m/s with the potential to cause injuries to soft tissue. Results showed the KE per unit area of pellets fired from airsoft firearms significantly exceeded the recommended 2500 J/m2 ranging from approximately 10,620 J/m2 to 69,650 J/m2. Twenty of the twenty-four gel blasters tested (83 %) exceeded 2500 J/m2, with values ranging between 2112 J/m2 and 42,645 J/m2. NERF™ toys were found to be notably under 2500 J/m2, ranging from approximately 1230 J/m2 to 2129 J/m2. The results suggest that the majority of gel blasters (items of seizures) tested, currently being imported and marketed as children\'s toys in Australia, easily exceed 2500 J/m2 as outlined in the ASNZS ISO 8124.1:2019 and are not safe to be marketed and sold as children\'s toys. Reinforcing the position of most jurisdictions, the Australian Federal Police (AFP) in Canberra made the following statement in 2019: \'ACT (Australian Capital Territory) Policing is reminding the public that replica firearms known as gel blasters are illegal in the ACT\'. Taking the results determined throughout this research and the statement by AFP into consideration, gel blasters should not be exempt from control under Firearms Legislation because they are claimed to be toy.
摘要：
目前在澳大利亚以儿童玩具的形式进口和销售。凝胶爆破器紧密模仿所有类型的许多真正的枪支的外观，并旨在推动直径约7-8毫米的小水合凝胶球，通过压缩空气或气体。除昆士兰州外，它们在澳大利亚所有州都被认为是非法的，但这些物品并未特别写入大多数州的枪支立法中。然而,被视为儿童的玩具，它们不得超过澳大利亚/新西兰标准玩具安全-第1部分：与机械和物理性能相关的安全方面（ASNZSISO8124.1:2019）[1]中概述的建议动能（KE）2500J/m2。这项研究的目的是确定一系列凝胶爆破器是否符合澳大利亚和新西兰标准，并具有动能小于2500J/m2的弹丸。采用ASNZSISO8124.1:2019（澳大利亚/新西兰标准玩具安全-第1部分：与机械和物理性能相关的安全方面（玩具安全ASNZSISO8124.1:2019）[1]）中概述的测试程序，测试了一系列的凝胶爆破剂。此外,对一些NERF™玩具和气枪进行了测试，以提供接受的儿童玩具和被认为是枪支的物品之间的参考，比如气枪。NERF™玩具（通常称为爆破器）通过直接弹簧/撞针撞击飞镖后部，以非常低的速度发射泡沫弹丸，电池供电的电动飞轮，或由气缸内的小活塞产生的压缩空气。气枪旨在发射硬塑料球（通常直径为6毫米），并且可以达到90m/s以上的速度，有可能对软组织造成伤害。结果表明，气枪发射的单位面积弹丸的KE大大超过了建议的2500J/m2，范围从大约10,620J/m2到69,650J/m2。所测试的二十四个凝胶爆破器中的二十个(83%)超过2500J/m2,其数值范围在2112J/m2和42,645J/m2之间。NERF™玩具被发现显著地低于2500J/m2,范围从大约1230J/m2至2129J/m2。结果表明，大多数的凝胶爆破（缉获物）测试，目前在澳大利亚作为儿童玩具进口和销售，如ASNZSISO8124.1:2019所述，很容易超过2500J/m2，并且作为儿童玩具销售和销售是不安全的。加强大多数司法管辖区的地位，堪培拉的澳大利亚联邦警察（AFP）在2019年发表了以下声明：“ACT（澳大利亚首都地区）警务正在提醒公众，在ACT中被称为凝胶爆破器的复制品枪支是非法的”。考虑到整个研究过程中确定的结果以及法新社的陈述，根据枪支立法，不应免除对凝胶爆炸的控制，因为它们被声称是玩具。
