Abstract：
microRNAs are candidate diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer\'s disease. This study aimed to compare Silymarin with Rosuvastatin and placebo on total-Tau protein level and expression levels of microRNAs and TGF-β and COX-2 in Alzheimer\'s patients with secondary dyslipidemia. 36 mild AD patients with dyslipidemia were divided into three groups of 12. The first group received silymarin (140mg), the second group received placebo (140mg), and the third group recieved Rosuvastatin (10mg). Tablets were administered three times a day for Six months. The blood samples of the patients were collected before and after the intervention and the serum was separated. Using the RT-qPCR method, the expression levels of miR-124-3p and miR-125b-5p were assessed, and the serum levels of total-Tau, TGF-β, and COX-2 enzyme were measured using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed with SPSS software. In this study, the level of Δtotal-Tau was significantly lower in the Rosuvastatin group compared to the placebo (P = 0.038). Also, a significant reduction in the level of ΔTGF-β was observed in the Silymarin to Rosuvastatin group (p = 0.046) and ΔmiR-124-3p was significantly increased in the Rosuvastatin compared to the placebo group (p = 0.044). Rosuvastatin outperformed silymarin in decreasing Δtotal-Tau serum levels and enhancing expression of ΔmiR-124-3p, attributed to Rosuvastatin\'s capacity to lower cholesterol levels and inflammation concurrently. Conversely, silymarin was more effective than Rosuvastatin in reducing levels of ΔTGF-β. Serum miR-124-3p could serve as a promising diagnostic biomarker and a new therapeutic focus in AD.
摘要：
microRNA是阿尔茨海默病的候选诊断生物标志物。本研究旨在比较水飞蓟素、瑞舒伐他汀和安慰剂对阿尔茨海默病继发性血脂异常患者总Tau蛋白水平及microRNAs、TGF-β和COX-2表达水平的影响。36例血脂异常的轻度AD患者分为三组12。第一组接受水飞蓟素（140mg），第二组接受安慰剂（140mg），第三组接受瑞舒伐他汀（10mg）。片剂每天给药3次,持续6个月。在干预前后采集患者的血样并分离血清。采用RT-qPCR方法,评估miR-124-3p和miR-125b-5p的表达水平，和总Tau的血清水平，TGF-β,使用ELISA方法测量COX-2酶。数据采用SPSS软件进行分析。在这项研究中,瑞舒伐他汀组的Δtotal-Tau水平显著低于安慰剂组(P=0.038).此外，与安慰剂组相比,水飞蓟素组和瑞舒伐他汀组的ΔTGF-β水平显著降低(p=0.046),瑞舒伐他汀组的ΔmiR-124-3p显著升高(p=0.044).瑞舒伐他汀在降低Δtotal-Tau血清水平和增强ΔmiR-124-3p表达方面优于水飞蓟素，归因于瑞舒伐他汀同时降低胆固醇水平和炎症的能力。相反，水飞蓟素在降低ΔTGF-β水平方面比瑞舒伐他汀更有效。血清miR-124-3p可以作为一个有前途的诊断生物标志物和AD新的治疗焦点。
