PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Periods of skeletal muscle disuse lead to rapid declines in muscle mass (atrophy), which is fundamentally underpinned by an imbalance between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown (MPB). The complex interplay of molecular mechanisms contributing to the altered regulation of muscle protein balance during disuse have been investigated but rarely synthesised in the context of humans. This narrative review discusses human models of muscle disuse and the ensuing inversely exponential rate of muscle atrophy. The molecular processes contributing to altered protein balance are explored, with a particular focus on growth and breakdown signalling pathways, mitochondrial adaptations and neuromuscular dysfunction. Finally, key research gaps within the disuse atrophy literature are highlighted providing future avenues to enhance our mechanistic understanding of human disuse atrophy.
摘要：
骨骼肌废用期会导致肌肉质量快速下降（萎缩），肌肉蛋白质合成（MPS）和肌肉蛋白质分解（MPB）之间的不平衡从根本上得到了支持。已经研究了导致废用过程中肌肉蛋白质平衡调节改变的分子机制的复杂相互作用，但很少在人类环境中合成。这篇叙述性综述讨论了肌肉废用的人体模型以及随之而来的肌肉萎缩的反指数率。探索了导致蛋白质平衡改变的分子过程，特别关注生长和分解信号通路，线粒体适应和神经肌肉功能障碍。最后,重点强调了废用萎缩文献中的关键研究空白，为增强我们对人类废用萎缩的机制理解提供了未来的途径。
