PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The present treatments for bronchiectasis, which is defined by pathological dilatation of the airways, are confined to symptom relief and minimizing exacerbations. The condition is becoming more common worldwide. Since the disease\'s pathophysiology is not entirely well understood, developing novel treatments is critically important. The interplay of chronic infection, inflammation, and compromised mucociliary clearance, which results in structural alterations and the emergence of new infection, is most likely responsible for the progression of bronchiectasis. Other than treating bronchiectasis caused by cystic fibrosis, there are no approved treatments. Understanding the involvement of the microbiome in this disease is crucial, the microbiome is defined as the collective genetic material of all bacteria in an environment. In clinical practice, bacteria in the lungs have been studied using cultures; however, in recent years, researchers use next-generation sequencing methods, such as 16S rRNA sequencing. Although the microbiome in bronchiectasis has not been entirely investigated, what is known about it suggests that Haemophilus, Pseudomonas and Streptococcus dominate the lung bacterial ecosystems, they present significant intraindividual stability and interindividual heterogeneity. Pseudomonas and Haemophilus-dominated microbiomes have been linked to more severe diseases and frequent exacerbations, however additional research is required to fully comprehend the role of microbiome in the evolution of bronchiectasis. This review discusses recent findings on the lung microbiota and its association with bronchiectasis.
摘要：
目前支气管扩张的治疗方法，这是由气道的病理性扩张定义的，仅限于症状缓解和减少恶化。这种情况在世界范围内变得越来越普遍。由于该疾病的病理生理学尚未完全了解，开发新的治疗方法至关重要。慢性感染的相互作用，炎症,粘膜纤毛清除受损，导致结构改变和新感染的出现，最有可能导致支气管扩张的进展。除了治疗囊性纤维化引起的支气管扩张，没有批准的治疗方法。了解微生物在这种疾病中的参与至关重要，微生物组被定义为环境中所有细菌的集体遗传物质。在临床实践中,已经使用培养物研究了肺中的细菌；然而，近年来,研究人员使用下一代测序方法，如16SrRNA测序。虽然支气管扩张中的微生物组尚未得到完全研究，我们所知道的表明嗜血杆菌,假单胞菌和链球菌在肺部细菌生态系统中占主导地位，它们表现出显著的个体内稳定性和个体间异质性。假单胞菌和嗜血杆菌为主的微生物群与更严重的疾病和频繁的恶化有关,然而，需要更多的研究来充分了解微生物组在支气管扩张演变中的作用。这篇综述讨论了有关肺部微生物群及其与支气管扩张的关系的最新发现。
