PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In recent years, increased species extinction and habitat loss have significantly reduced biodiversity, posing a serious threat to both nature and human survival. Environmental factors strongly influence bird distribution and diversity. The potential distribution patterns and species richness offer a conservation modeling framework for policymakers to assess the effectiveness of natural protected areas (PAs) and optimize their existing ones. Very few such studies have been published that cover a large and complete taxonomic group with fine resolution at regional scale. Here, using birds as a study group, the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to analyze the pattern of bird species richness in Jiangsu Province. Using an unparalleled amount of occurrence data, we created species distribution models (SDMs) for 312 bird species to explore emerging diversity patterns at a resolution of 1 km2. The gradient of species richness is steep, decreasing sharply away from water bodies, particularly in the northern part of Jiangsu Province. The migratory status and feeding habits of birds also significantly influence the spatial distribution of avian species richness. This study reveals that the regions with high potential bird species richness are primarily distributed in three areas: the eastern coastal region, the surrounding area of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the surrounding area of Taihu Lake. Compared with species richness hotspots and existing PAs, we found that the majority of hotspots are well-protected. However, only a small portion of the regions, such as coastal areas of Sheyang County in Yancheng City, as well as some regions along the Yangtze River in Nanjing and Zhenjiang, currently have relatively weak protection. Using stacked SDMs, our study reveals effective insights into diversity patterns, directly informing conservation policies and contributing to macroecological research advancements.
摘要：
近年来,物种灭绝和栖息地丧失的增加大大减少了生物多样性，对自然和人类生存都构成严重威胁。环境因素强烈影响鸟类的分布和多样性。潜在的分布模式和物种丰富度为决策者提供了一个保护模型框架，以评估自然保护区（PA）的有效性并优化其现有保护区。很少有这样的研究发表，涵盖了一个庞大而完整的分类组，在区域范围内具有良好的分辨率。这里,以鸟类为研究小组，利用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)分析了江苏省鸟类物种丰富度的格局。使用无与伦比的发生数据量，我们为312种鸟类创建了物种分布模型（SDM），以1km2的分辨率探索新兴的多样性模式。物种丰富度的梯度是陡峭的,远离水体急剧下降，特别是在江苏省的北部。鸟类的迁徙状况和摄食习惯也显着影响鸟类物种丰富度的空间分布。本研究发现,具有高潜力鸟类物种丰富度的区域主要分布在三个地区:东部沿海地区,长江下游的周边地区，以及太湖周边地区。与物种丰富度热点和现有PA相比，我们发现大多数热点都得到了很好的保护。然而,只有一小部分地区，如盐城市射阳县沿海地区，以及南京和镇江沿江的一些地区，目前防护相对薄弱。使用堆叠的SDM，我们的研究揭示了对多样性模式的有效见解，直接为保护政策提供信息，并为宏观生态研究的进步做出贡献。
