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Abstract：
This review aims to gather the current state of the art on the encapsulation methods using alginate as the main polymeric material in order to produce hydrogels ranging from the microscopic to macroscopic sizes. The use of alginates as an encapsulation material is of growing interest, as it is fully bio-based, bio-compatible and bio-degradable. The field of application of alginate encapsulation is also extremely broad, and there is no doubt it will become even broader in the near future considering the societal demand for sustainable materials in technological applications. In this review, alginate\'s main properties and gelification mechanisms, as well as some factors influencing this mechanism, such as the nature of the reticulation cations, are first investigated. Then, the capacity of alginate gels to release matter in a controlled way, from small molecules to micrometric compounds, is reported and discussed. The existing techniques used to produce alginates beads, from the laboratory scale to the industrial one, are further described, with a consideration of the pros and cons with each techniques. Finally, two examples of applications of alginate materials are highlighted as representative case studies.
摘要：
这篇综述旨在收集使用藻酸盐作为主要聚合物材料的封装方法的最新技术，以生产从微观到宏观尺寸的水凝胶。使用藻酸盐作为封装材料越来越受到关注，因为它是完全基于生物的，生物相容性和生物可降解。藻酸盐封装的应用领域也极为广泛,考虑到技术应用中对可持续材料的社会需求，毫无疑问，在不久的将来，它将变得更加广泛。在这次审查中,海藻酸盐的主要性质和凝胶化机理，以及影响这一机制的一些因素，例如网状阳离子的性质，首先被调查。然后，藻酸盐凝胶以受控方式释放物质的能力，从小分子到微米化合物，报告和讨论。用于生产藻酸盐珠的现有技术，从实验室规模到工业规模，进一步描述，考虑每种技术的利弊。最后,海藻酸盐材料应用的两个例子被强调为代表性案例研究。
