PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a dioecious, diploid, wind-pollinated crop cultivated worldwide. Sex determination plays an important role in spinach breeding. Hence, this study aimed to understand the differences in sexual differentiation and floral organ development of dioecious flowers, as well as the differences in the regulatory mechanisms of floral organ development of dioecious and monoecious flowers. We compared transcriptional-level differences between different genders and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to spinach floral development, as well as sex-biased genes to investigate the flower development mechanisms in spinach. In this study, 9189 DEGs were identified among the different genders. DEG analysis showed the participation of four main transcription factor families, MIKC_MADS, MYB, NAC, and bHLH, in spinach flower development. In our key findings, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) signal transduction pathways play major roles in male flower development, while auxin regulates both male and female flower development. By constructing a gene regulatory network (GRN) for floral organ development, core transcription factors (TFs) controlling organ initiation and growth were discovered. This analysis of the development of female, male, and monoecious flowers in spinach provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of floral organ development and sexual differentiation in dioecious and monoecious plants in spinach.
摘要：
菠菜（SpinaciaoleraceaL.）是一种雌雄异株，二倍体,全世界种植的风授粉作物。性别决定在菠菜育种中起着重要作用。因此，本研究旨在了解雌雄异株花的性别分化和花器官发育的差异，以及雌雄异株和雌雄异株花的花器官发育调控机制的差异。我们比较了不同性别之间的转录水平差异，并确定了与菠菜花发育相关的差异表达基因（DEGs）。以及性别偏倚基因，以研究菠菜的花发育机制。在这项研究中,在不同性别中鉴定出9189个DEG。DEG分析显示四个主要转录因子家族参与,MIKC_MADS,MYB,NAC,和bHLH，在菠菜花发育中。在我们的主要发现中，脱落酸(ABA)和赤霉酸(GA)信号转导通路在雄花发育中发挥重要作用,而生长素调节雄性和雌性花的发育。通过构建花器官发育的基因调控网络(GRN),发现了控制器官起始和生长的核心转录因子（TFs）。这种对女性发展的分析,男性,菠菜中雌雄同株的花为菠菜雌雄异株植物花器官发育和性别分化的分子机制提供了新的见解。
