PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Urban stray cats are cats without owners that survive in the wild for extended periods of time. They are one of the most common stray animals in cities, and as such, monitoring the pathogens carried by urban stray cats is an important component of urban epidemiological surveillance. In order to understand the prevalence of respiratory diseases in urban stray cats in Shanghai and provide scientific evidence for the development of targeted prevention and control strategies for respiratory diseases in stray cats, we collected 374 ocular, nasal, and oropharyngeal swabs from urban stray cats in Shanghai from January 2022 to December 2022. After RNA extraction, we used real-time PCR to detect six respiratory pathogens, including influenza A virus, feline calicivirus, feline herpesvirus type 1, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, and Bordetella bronchiseptica. The results showed that among the 374 samples, 146 tested positive, with a positivity rate of 39.04%. The highest positivity rate was observed for Mycoplasma felis at 18.72% (70/374), followed by Chlamydia felis at 11.76% (44/374), feline calicivirus at 3.74% (14/374), feline herpesvirus 1 at 3.48% (13/374), Bordetella bronchiseptica at 1.34% (5/374), and influenza A virus was not detected. The highest positivity rate for Mycoplasma felis was in Minhang District at 31.94% (23/72), while Chlamydia felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica had the highest positivity rates in Jiading District at 23.53% (8/34) and 5.88% (2/34), respectively. The highest positivity rates for feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus 1 were both observed in Qingpu District, at 14.46% (12/83) and 9.64% (8/83), respectively. A total of 36 samples showed mixed infections with two or more pathogens, with Mycoplasma felis being involved in 32 of these mixed infections, with the highest number of mixed infections being with Chlamydia felis at 25 samples. Respiratory pathogen positivity was detected throughout the year, with peak detection rates in summer and winter. The positivity rates of cat respiratory pathogens in different seasons showed statistical differences (χ2 = 27.73, p < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the positivity rates of respiratory pathogens between cats of different genders (χ2 = 0.92, p > 0.05). The positivity rates of respiratory pathogens in cats of different age groups showed statistical differences (χ2 = 44.41, p < 0.01). Mycoplasma felis and Chlamydia felis were the main pathogens causing respiratory infections in stray cats, with Mycoplasma felis showing a much higher positivity rate than other respiratory pathogens and often co-infecting with Chlamydia felis and feline calicivirus. The positivity rate of Mycoplasma felis was high in summer, autumn, and winter, with no statistical difference between seasons. These results indicate a serious overall prevalence of respiratory pathogens in urban stray cats in the Shanghai area, showing seasonal trends and mixed infections with other pathogens. These findings suggest the need for comprehensive prevention and control measures to address respiratory pathogen infections in urban stray cats in the Shanghai area.
摘要：
城市流浪猫是没有主人的猫，可以在野外长时间生存。它们是城市中最常见的流浪动物之一，因此，监测城市流浪猫携带的病原体是城市流行病学监测的重要组成部分。为了解上海市城市流浪猫呼吸道疾病的患病情况,为制定有针对性的流浪猫呼吸道疾病防控策略提供科学依据,我们收集了374眼，鼻部,2022年1月至2022年12月，上海城市流浪猫的口咽拭子。RNA提取后,我们使用实时PCR检测了六种呼吸道病原体，包括甲型流感病毒,猫杯状病毒,猫疱疹病毒1型支原体,衣原体,和支气管败血杆菌.结果表明，在374个样本中，146检测呈阳性,阳性率为39.04%。观察到最高的阳性率为18.72%（70/374），其次是衣原体，占11.76%(44/374)，猫杯状病毒为3.74%(14/374)，猫疱疹病毒1型，占3.48%(13/374)，支气管败血波氏杆菌占1.34%（5/374），未检测到甲型流感病毒。非支原体阳性率最高的是闵行区，为31.94%(23/72)，而嘉定区非衣原体和支气管败血波氏杆菌的阳性率最高,分别为23.53%(8/34)和5.88%(2/34),分别。青浦区猫杯状病毒和猫疱疹病毒1型阳性率均最高,分别为14.46%(12/83)和9.64%(8/83)，分别。共有36份样本显示两种或两种以上病原体混合感染,在这些混合感染中，有32种由非支原体感染引起，在25个样本中，费氏衣原体的混合感染数量最高。全年检测到呼吸道病原体阳性，夏季和冬季的峰值检测率。不同季节猫呼吸道病原体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.73,p<0.01)。不同性别猫呼吸道病原体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.92,p>0.05)。不同年龄组猫呼吸道病原体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=44.41,p<0.01)。非氏支原体和衣原体是导致流浪猫呼吸道感染的主要病原体,与其他呼吸道病原体相比，猫支原体显示出更高的阳性率，并且通常与猫衣原体和猫杯状病毒共同感染。夏季，白花支原体阳性率较高，秋天,冬天,季节之间没有统计学差异。这些结果表明，上海地区城市流浪猫的呼吸道病原体总体流行严重，表现出季节性趋势和与其他病原体的混合感染。这些发现表明，需要采取综合预防和控制措施来解决上海地区城市流浪猫的呼吸道病原体感染。
