PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Salt stress is one of the major adverse factors affecting plant growth and crop production. Rapeseed is an important oil crop, providing high-quality edible oil for human consumption. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salt stress on the phenotypic traits and physiological processes of rapeseed. The soil salinity was manipulated by setting three different levels: 0 g NaCl kg-1 soil (referred to as S0), 1.5 g NaCl kg-1 soil (referred to as S1), and 3.0 g NaCl kg-1 soil (referred to as S2). In general, the results indicated that the plant height, leaf area, and root neck diameter decreased with an increase in soil salinity. In addition, the biomass of various organs at all growth stages decreased as soil salinity increased from S0 to S2. The increasing soil salinity improved the distribution of biomass in the root and leaf at the seedling and flowering stages, indicating that rapeseed plants subjected to salt stress during the vegetative stage are capable of adapting their growth pattern to sustain their capacity for nutrient and water uptake, as well as leaf photosynthesis. However, as the soil salinity increased, there was a decrease in the distribution of biomass in the pod and seed at the maturity stage, while an increase was observed in the root and stem, suggesting that salt stress inhibited carbohydrate transport into reproductive organs. Moreover, the C and N accumulation at the flowering and maturity stages exhibited a reduction in direct correlation with the increase in soil salinity. High soil salinity resulted in a reduction in the C/N, indicating that salt stress exerted a greater adverse effect on C assimilation compared to N assimilation, leading to an increase in seed protein content and a decrease in oil content. Furthermore, as soil salinity increased from S0 to S2, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the content of soluble protein and sugar increased by 58.39%, 33.38%, 15.57%, and 13.88% at the seedling stage, and 38.69%, 22.85%, 12.04%, and 8.26% at the flowering stage, respectively. In summary, this study revealed that salt stress inhibited C and N assimilation, leading to a suppressed phenotype and biomass accumulation. The imbalanced C and N assimilation under salt stress contributed to the alterations in the seed oil and protein content. Rapeseed had a certain degree of salt tolerance by improving antioxidants and osmolytes.
摘要：
盐胁迫是影响植物生长和作物生产的主要不利因素之一。油菜是重要的油料作物,为人类提供优质食用油。本试验旨在研究盐胁迫对油菜表型性状和生理过程的影响。通过设置三个不同的水平来控制土壤盐分：0gNaClkg-1土壤（称为S0），1.5gNaClkg-1土壤（称为S1），和3.0gNaClkg-1土壤(简称S2)。总的来说,结果表明，植物高度，叶面积,根颈直径随土壤盐分的增加而减小。此外,随着土壤盐分从S0增加到S2，各个生长阶段各个器官的生物量均下降。土壤盐分的增加改善了苗期和开花期根和叶中生物量的分布。表明在营养阶段遭受盐胁迫的油菜植物能够适应其生长模式以维持其营养和水分吸收的能力，以及叶片光合作用。然而,随着土壤盐分的增加，在成熟期，豆荚和种子中的生物量分布减少，虽然在根和茎中观察到增加，这表明盐胁迫抑制了碳水化合物向生殖器官的转运。此外，开花期和成熟期的C和N积累与土壤盐分增加直接相关。高土壤盐分导致C/N降低，表明盐胁迫对碳同化的不利影响大于氮同化，导致种子蛋白质含量增加和油含量减少。此外，随着土壤盐分从S0增加到S2，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及可溶性蛋白质和糖的含量增加了58.39％。33.38%,15.57%，苗期为13.88%，38.69%，22.85%,12.04%,在开花期为8.26%，分别。总之,这项研究表明，盐胁迫抑制了碳和氮的同化，导致抑制的表型和生物量积累。盐胁迫下C和N同化不平衡导致种子油和蛋白质含量的变化。油菜通过改善抗氧化剂和渗透压物质具有一定的耐盐性。
