PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Tuberculosis (TB) is the top infectious killer in the world despite efforts to eliminate it. Pharmaceutical care roles are pillars of pharmacy practice, and pharmacists are well equipped to serve a unique role in the pathway to provide education about TB. Previous systematic reviews emphasize pharmacists\' role in treating TB; however, pharmacists can and do play much broader roles in overall TB elimination efforts. Five researchers searched five electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, and Embase). Search terms included pharmacy, pharmacist, tuberculosis, antitubercular agents, supply, distribution, and drug therapy. Inclusion criteria were studies published from 2010 through March 2023, in English or Spanish, addressed a specific TB-related role for pharmacists/pharmacies, and were peer-reviewed. Exclusion criteria included pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical trials on drug efficacy, and editorials. Two researchers conducted each level of review; for discordance, a third researcher reviewed, and a decision was reached by consensus. Roles were extracted and cross-referenced with traditional pharmaceutical care steps. Of the initial 682 hits, 133 were duplicates. After further review, we excluded 514 records, leaving 37 articles for full extraction. We found nine roles for pharmacists in TB prevention and classified them as implemented, not implemented, or recommended. These roles were: (1) TB symptom screening; (2) Referring to TB care systems; (3) TB testing; (4) Dispensing TB medication correctly and/or directly observed therapy; (5) Counseling; (6) Looking to reduce socioeconomic barriers; (7) Procurement of TB medications; (8) Quality assurance of TB medications; (9) Maintaining and using pharmacy data systems. Pharmacists are well situated to play a vital role in the global fight against TB. Findings suggested pharmacists in many settings have already expanded their roles related to TB elimination beyond traditional pharmaceutical care. Still others need to increase the understanding of TB procurement and treatment, their power to improve TB care, and their contributions to data systems that serve population health. Pharmacy curricula should increase TB-related training to better equip future pharmacists to contribute to TB elimination.
摘要：
尽管努力消除结核病，结核病仍是世界上最大的传染性杀手。药学服务角色是药学实践的支柱，药剂师有能力在提供结核病教育的途径中发挥独特作用。以前的系统评价强调药剂师在治疗结核病中的作用；然而，药剂师可以并且确实在总体结核病消除工作中发挥更广泛的作用.五名研究人员搜索了五个电子数据库(PubMed，PsychInfo,CINAHL,学术搜索总理，和Embase）。搜索词包括药房，药剂师,结核病,抗结核药,供应,分布，和药物治疗。纳入标准是2010年至2023年3月以英语或西班牙语发表的研究，解决了药剂师/药房的特定结核病相关角色，并进行了同行评审。排除标准包括药理学，药代动力学，药物疗效临床试验，和社论。两名研究人员进行了每个级别的审查；对于不一致，第三位研究人员回顾，并以协商一致的方式作出了决定。角色被提取并与传统的药物护理步骤交叉引用。在最初的682次点击中，133是重复的。经过进一步审查，我们排除了514条记录,留下37篇文章供完全提取。我们发现药剂师在结核病预防中的九种角色，并将其分类为已实施，未实施,或推荐。这些作用是：（1）结核病症状筛查；（2）参考结核病护理系统；（3）结核病测试；（4）正确分配和/或直接观察到的结核病药物治疗；（5）咨询；（6）寻求减少社会经济障碍；（7）结核病药物的采购；（8）结核病药物的质量保证；（9）维护和使用药房数据系统。药剂师处于有利地位，可以在全球抗击结核病方面发挥至关重要的作用。研究结果表明，许多环境中的药剂师已经将其与结核病消除相关的角色扩展到了传统的药学服务之外。还有一些人需要增加对结核病采购和治疗的了解，他们改善结核病护理的能力，以及他们对服务于人口健康的数据系统的贡献。药学课程应增加与结核病相关的培训，以更好地装备未来的药剂师，为消除结核病做出贡献。
