Abstract：
BACKGROUND: An increasing number of countries are adopting the tobacco endgame goal. High levels of public support can accelerate momentum towards implementing tobacco endgame policies. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of public support for tobacco endgame policies and to examine the geographical distribution of studies, support among key populations (adolescents and young adults, people who smoke), and the association between survey design and support.
METHODS: We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2013 onwards. Google was used to search the grey literature. The reference lists of included articles were hand-searched. Studies were included if they reported the proportions of people supporting one or more endgame policies. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI checklist for prevalence studies.
RESULTS: Forty-seven articles were included. Aotearoa/New Zealand and the United States were the countries with the most studies (n=11, respectively). Three-level meta-analyses showed the highest support for mandating a very low nicotine content in tobacco products (76%, 95% CI 61-87%). Meta-regressions were performed to assess the associations of population subgroup and survey design with support levels. The level of support was lower among people who smoke compared to the general population (β range: -1.59 to -0.51). Support for some policies was lower when neutral or don\'t know response options were included.
CONCLUSIONS: Public support for most tobacco endgame policies was high.
CONCLUSIONS: Assessing public support can assist with progressing tobacco endgame policies. Policies that are widely supported by the public may be more politically feasible to implement. Qualitative studies and trial studies can further inform communication and implementation strategies for tobacco endgame policies.
METHODS: We searched Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published from 2013 onwards. Google was used to search the grey literature. The reference lists of included articles were hand-searched. Studies were included if they reported the proportions of people supporting one or more endgame policies. Risk of bias was assessed using the JBI checklist for prevalence studies.
RESULTS: Forty-seven articles were included. Aotearoa/New Zealand and the United States were the countries with the most studies (n=11, respectively). Three-level meta-analyses showed the highest support for mandating a very low nicotine content in tobacco products (76%, 95% CI 61-87%). Meta-regressions were performed to assess the associations of population subgroup and survey design with support levels. The level of support was lower among people who smoke compared to the general population (β range: -1.59 to -0.51). Support for some policies was lower when neutral or don\'t know response options were included.
CONCLUSIONS: Public support for most tobacco endgame policies was high.
CONCLUSIONS: Assessing public support can assist with progressing tobacco endgame policies. Policies that are widely supported by the public may be more politically feasible to implement. Qualitative studies and trial studies can further inform communication and implementation strategies for tobacco endgame policies.
摘要：
背景：越来越多的国家正在采用烟草残局目标。高水平的公众支持可以加快实施烟草残局政策的势头。我们旨在对公众对烟草残局政策的支持进行系统审查，并研究研究的地理分布，关键人群(青少年和年轻人，吸烟的人)，以及调查设计和支持之间的联系。
方法：我们搜索了Embase，PubMed,Scopus,WebofScience,和谷歌学者从2013年开始发表的研究。谷歌被用来搜索灰色文献。手动搜索所包括的文章的参考列表。如果研究报告了支持一种或多种残局政策的人数比例，则包括在内。使用流行研究的JBI检查表评估偏倚风险。
结果：共纳入47篇。Aotearoa/新西兰和美国是研究最多的国家（分别为11）。三级荟萃分析显示，要求烟草产品中尼古丁含量非常低的支持率最高(76%，95%CI61-87%）。进行元回归以评估人口亚组和调查设计与支持水平的关联。与普通人群相比，吸烟者的支持水平较低（β范围：-1.59至-0.51）。当包括中立或不知道响应选项时，对某些政策的支持较低。
结论：公众对大多数烟草残局政策的支持很高。
结论：评估公众支持有助于推进烟草残局政策。得到公众广泛支持的政策在政治上可能更可行。定性研究和试验研究可以进一步为烟草残局政策的沟通和实施策略提供信息。
方法：我们搜索了Embase，PubMed,Scopus,WebofScience,和谷歌学者从2013年开始发表的研究。谷歌被用来搜索灰色文献。手动搜索所包括的文章的参考列表。如果研究报告了支持一种或多种残局政策的人数比例，则包括在内。使用流行研究的JBI检查表评估偏倚风险。
结果：共纳入47篇。Aotearoa/新西兰和美国是研究最多的国家（分别为11）。三级荟萃分析显示，要求烟草产品中尼古丁含量非常低的支持率最高(76%，95%CI61-87%）。进行元回归以评估人口亚组和调查设计与支持水平的关联。与普通人群相比，吸烟者的支持水平较低（β范围：-1.59至-0.51）。当包括中立或不知道响应选项时，对某些政策的支持较低。
结论：公众对大多数烟草残局政策的支持很高。
结论：评估公众支持有助于推进烟草残局政策。得到公众广泛支持的政策在政治上可能更可行。定性研究和试验研究可以进一步为烟草残局政策的沟通和实施策略提供信息。
