Abstract：
Aim: Inherent variations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been revealed epidemiologically to influence the development of autoimmune diseases. HLA alleles may thus also be associated with the development of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), such as thyroid irAE. Materials & methods: In this case-control study, 71 cancer patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors were enrolled and HLA-genotyped and the frequency of HLA alleles was compared. Results: A*26:01, DPA1*01:03 and DPB1*02:01 were significantly more frequent in patients with thyroid irAE than in patients without any irAEs (35.0 vs 3.2% [p = 0.004], 80.0 vs 45.2% [p = 0.020] and 55.0 vs 25.8% [p = 0.044], respectively). Conclusion: A*26:01, DPA1*01:03 and DPB1*02:01 appear to be associated with thyroid irAE.
Everyone has a unique combination of human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) in their body that help the immune system identify threats. HLAs were named from the fact that they were first identified on the surface of human leukocytes. Afterward, HLAs were also found on all human cells. HLAs present antigens to immune cells. These HLAs also influence how the immune system attacks cancer cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are drugs that can help the immune system fight cancer, but they sometimes cause severe adverse events. In this study, we investigated whether specific HLA genes are related to the development of an adverse event that affects the thyroid in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We found an association between three HLA genes (A*26:01, DPA1*01:03 and DPB1*02:01) and the development of the thyroid adverse event. However, larger studies are needed to confirm and generalize these initial exploratory findings.
Everyone has a unique combination of human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) in their body that help the immune system identify threats. HLAs were named from the fact that they were first identified on the surface of human leukocytes. Afterward, HLAs were also found on all human cells. HLAs present antigens to immune cells. These HLAs also influence how the immune system attacks cancer cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are drugs that can help the immune system fight cancer, but they sometimes cause severe adverse events. In this study, we investigated whether specific HLA genes are related to the development of an adverse event that affects the thyroid in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We found an association between three HLA genes (A*26:01, DPA1*01:03 and DPB1*02:01) and the development of the thyroid adverse event. However, larger studies are needed to confirm and generalize these initial exploratory findings.
摘要：
目的：流行病学揭示了人类白细胞抗原（HLA）等位基因的固有变异，可影响自身免疫性疾病的发展。因此，HLA等位基因也可能与免疫相关不良事件（irAEs）的发展有关。如甲状腺irAE。材料与方法：在本病例对照研究中，纳入71例接受免疫检查点抑制剂的癌症患者，并进行HLA基因分型和HLA等位基因频率比较。结果：甲状腺irAE患者的A*26:01，DPA1*01:03和DPB1*02:01明显高于无任何irAE的患者（35.0vs3.2％[p=0.004]，80.0对45.2%[p=0.020]和55.0对25.8%[p=0.044]，分别)。结论：A*26：01，DPA1*01：03和DPB1*02：01似乎与甲状腺irAE有关。
每个人体内都有人类白细胞抗原（HLA）的独特组合，可帮助免疫系统识别威胁。HLA的命名是因为它们首先在人类白细胞表面上被鉴定。之后,在所有人类细胞上也发现了HLA。HLA将抗原呈递给免疫细胞。这些HLA还影响免疫系统如何攻击癌细胞。免疫检查点抑制剂是可以帮助免疫系统对抗癌症的药物，但有时会引起严重的不良事件。在这项研究中,我们调查了特定的HLA基因是否与免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者发生影响甲状腺的不良事件相关.我们发现三个HLA基因（A*26：01，DPA1*01：03和DPB1*02：01）与甲状腺不良事件的发展之间存在关联。然而,需要更大规模的研究来确认和推广这些初步的探索性发现.
每个人体内都有人类白细胞抗原（HLA）的独特组合，可帮助免疫系统识别威胁。HLA的命名是因为它们首先在人类白细胞表面上被鉴定。之后,在所有人类细胞上也发现了HLA。HLA将抗原呈递给免疫细胞。这些HLA还影响免疫系统如何攻击癌细胞。免疫检查点抑制剂是可以帮助免疫系统对抗癌症的药物，但有时会引起严重的不良事件。在这项研究中,我们调查了特定的HLA基因是否与免疫检查点抑制剂治疗的癌症患者发生影响甲状腺的不良事件相关.我们发现三个HLA基因（A*26：01，DPA1*01：03和DPB1*02：01）与甲状腺不良事件的发展之间存在关联。然而,需要更大规模的研究来确认和推广这些初步的探索性发现.
