Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The literature has for too long described the arterial supply of the mandible as coming from a single artery, the inferior alveolar artery, and being of the terminal type. Rather, it appears to come from an extensive and complex arterial network dependent on the lingual, facial, and maxillary arteries and their collateral branches. Our study aims to confirm and demonstrate the arterial vascular richness of the mandible and to establish arterial mapping.
METHODS: The arterial vascularization of the mandible was revealed in six anatomic specimens after performing selective injections of the lingual, facial, and maxillary arteries with different dyes. A specimen was injected intra-arterially with colored latex at the level of the maxillary artery for a morphometric study.
RESULTS: Eighteen selective arterial injections were performed on six anatomic specimens. The mucocutaneous, musculoperiosteal, and intramedullary vascularizations were analyzed. Each of the arteries has a defined and delimited cutaneo-mucous vascular territory. The facial and maxillary arteries supply the musculoperiosteal vascularization of the mandible from the condyle to the symphysis. The lingual artery supplies only the inner cortex of the parasymphyseal and symphyseal regions. The facial and maxillary arteries provide intramedullary vascularization from the angle of the mandible to the parasymphysis. The vascularization of the symphysis depends on the facial artery. No staining was found in the condyle region. Neoprene latex injection was performed on an anatomic specimen, revealing a permeable anastomosis between the inferior alveolar and facial arteries.
CONCLUSIONS: The arterial vascularization of the mandible is dependent on the maxillary, facial, and lingual arteries. This is a network vasculature. This study makes it possible to establish an arterial map of the mandible. The presence of an anastomosis between the inferior alveolar artery and the facial artery confirms the existence of dynamic and borrowed vascularization. Knowledge of this arterial system makes it possible to adapt maxillofacial surgical care and to anticipate possible intraoperative complications.
METHODS: The arterial vascularization of the mandible was revealed in six anatomic specimens after performing selective injections of the lingual, facial, and maxillary arteries with different dyes. A specimen was injected intra-arterially with colored latex at the level of the maxillary artery for a morphometric study.
RESULTS: Eighteen selective arterial injections were performed on six anatomic specimens. The mucocutaneous, musculoperiosteal, and intramedullary vascularizations were analyzed. Each of the arteries has a defined and delimited cutaneo-mucous vascular territory. The facial and maxillary arteries supply the musculoperiosteal vascularization of the mandible from the condyle to the symphysis. The lingual artery supplies only the inner cortex of the parasymphyseal and symphyseal regions. The facial and maxillary arteries provide intramedullary vascularization from the angle of the mandible to the parasymphysis. The vascularization of the symphysis depends on the facial artery. No staining was found in the condyle region. Neoprene latex injection was performed on an anatomic specimen, revealing a permeable anastomosis between the inferior alveolar and facial arteries.
CONCLUSIONS: The arterial vascularization of the mandible is dependent on the maxillary, facial, and lingual arteries. This is a network vasculature. This study makes it possible to establish an arterial map of the mandible. The presence of an anastomosis between the inferior alveolar artery and the facial artery confirms the existence of dynamic and borrowed vascularization. Knowledge of this arterial system makes it possible to adapt maxillofacial surgical care and to anticipate possible intraoperative complications.
摘要：
目的：长期以来，文献将下颌骨的动脉供应描述为来自单动脉，下肺泡动脉,并且属于终端类型。相反，它似乎来自依赖于语言的广泛而复杂的动脉网络，面部,上颌动脉及其侧支.我们的研究旨在确认和证明下颌骨的动脉血管丰富度并建立动脉标测。
方法：在进行舌选择性注射后，在六个解剖标本中发现了下颌骨的动脉血管化，面部,和上颌动脉用不同的染料。在上颌动脉水平对标本进行动脉内注射有色乳胶，以进行形态学研究。
结果：对6个解剖标本进行了18次选择性动脉注射。皮肤粘膜，肌肉骨膜，并分析了髓内血管形成。每个动脉都有一个确定和界定的皮肤粘膜血管区域。面部和上颌动脉从髁到联合提供下颌骨的肌肉骨膜血管形成。舌动脉仅供应旁phi和联合区域的内部皮质。面动脉和上颌动脉从下颌骨的角度提供髓内血管形成。联合的血管形成取决于面部动脉。在髁区没有发现染色。氯丁橡胶乳胶注射在解剖标本上进行，显示下牙槽和面部动脉之间的渗透性吻合。
结论：下颌骨的动脉血管形成依赖于上颌骨，面部,和舌动脉。这是一个网络脉管系统。这项研究使建立下颌骨的动脉图成为可能。下肺泡动脉和面动脉之间吻合的存在证实了动态和借来的血管形成的存在。对该动脉系统的了解使适应颌面外科护理和预测可能的术中并发症成为可能。
方法：在进行舌选择性注射后，在六个解剖标本中发现了下颌骨的动脉血管化，面部,和上颌动脉用不同的染料。在上颌动脉水平对标本进行动脉内注射有色乳胶，以进行形态学研究。
结果：对6个解剖标本进行了18次选择性动脉注射。皮肤粘膜，肌肉骨膜，并分析了髓内血管形成。每个动脉都有一个确定和界定的皮肤粘膜血管区域。面部和上颌动脉从髁到联合提供下颌骨的肌肉骨膜血管形成。舌动脉仅供应旁phi和联合区域的内部皮质。面动脉和上颌动脉从下颌骨的角度提供髓内血管形成。联合的血管形成取决于面部动脉。在髁区没有发现染色。氯丁橡胶乳胶注射在解剖标本上进行，显示下牙槽和面部动脉之间的渗透性吻合。
结论：下颌骨的动脉血管形成依赖于上颌骨，面部,和舌动脉。这是一个网络脉管系统。这项研究使建立下颌骨的动脉图成为可能。下肺泡动脉和面动脉之间吻合的存在证实了动态和借来的血管形成的存在。对该动脉系统的了解使适应颌面外科护理和预测可能的术中并发症成为可能。
