PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC) is an established method for producing functional and durable nanomaterials and catalysts in virtually any liquid of choice. While the redox reactions during laser synthesis in water are fairly well understood, the corresponding reactions in organic liquids remain elusive, particularly because of the much greater complexity of carbon chemistry. To this end, this article first reviews the knowledge base of chemical reactions during LSPC and then deduces identifiable reaction pathways and mechanisms. This review also includes findings that are specific to the LSPC method variants laser ablation (LAL), fragmentation (LFL), melting (LML), and reduction (LRL) in organic liquids. A particular focus will be set on permanent gases, liquid hydrocarbons, and solid, carbonaceous species generated, including the formation of doped, compounded, and encapsulated nanoparticles. It will be shown how the choice of solvent, synthesis method, and laser parameters influence the nanostructure formation as well as the amount and chain length of the generated polyyne by-products. Finally, theoretical approaches to address the mechanisms of organic liquid decomposition and carbon shell formation are highlighted and discussed regarding current challenges and future perspectives of LSPC using organic liquids instead of water.
摘要：
胶体的激光合成和加工（LSPC）是在几乎任何选择的液体中生产功能和耐用的纳米材料和催化剂的既定方法。虽然水中激光合成过程中的氧化还原反应是相当好的理解，有机液体中的相应反应仍然难以捉摸，特别是因为碳化学的复杂性。为此,本文首先回顾了LSPC过程中化学反应的知识库，然后推导了可识别的反应途径和机理。这篇综述还包括特定于LSPC方法变体激光消融（LAL）的发现，碎片(LFL)，熔化（LML），和有机液体中的还原（LRL）。将特别关注永久气体，液态碳氢化合物，和固体，产生的含碳物种，包括掺杂的形成，复合，和封装的纳米粒子。它将显示如何选择溶剂，合成方法,和激光参数影响纳米结构的形成以及产生的聚炔副产物的数量和链长。最后,强调并讨论了使用有机液体代替水的LSPC的当前挑战和未来前景，以解决有机液体分解和碳壳形成机理的理论方法。
