Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Korea\'s child meal support program (CMSP) aims to reduce food and nutrition insecurity (FNI) and improve health among children from low-income households.
OBJECTIVE: We examined the impact of different types of CMSP on children\'s FNI and health in Korea, analyzing meal frequency and healthful food consumption (FNI), and general health and depression (health) among child meal card (CMC) and facility meal service (FMS) participants compared with nonparticipants.
METHODS: The 2018 Comprehensive Survey on Korean Children data were analyzed. Precisely, 847 children from low-income households aged 9-17 were categorized into CMC (n = 331), FMS (n = 209), and income-eligible nonparticipants (n = 307). Propensity score-weighted generalized linear models assessed CMSP\'s impact on FNI and health. Stratified generalized linear models examined heterogeneity in FNI-health associations by CMSP status.
RESULTS: CMC participants reported more frequent breakfast consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 0.662, p < 0.05) but poorer self-rated general health (OR = 1.890, p < 0.05); FMS participants were less likely to have three meals (OR = 1.814, p < 0.05), fruits and vegetables (OR = 2.194, p < 0.001), and protein-rich foods daily (OR = 1.695, p < 0.05) than nonparticipants. Health risks associated with healthful food consumption and meal frequency were more pronounced among CMC and FMS/nonparticipants, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: CMSP had a limited impact on reducing FNI and improving health among children from low-income households. CMC appeared more effective than FMS in alleviating FNI, notwithstanding potential health concerns. Food assistance programs should seek comprehensive enhancements in children\'s food and nutrition security and health.
OBJECTIVE: We examined the impact of different types of CMSP on children\'s FNI and health in Korea, analyzing meal frequency and healthful food consumption (FNI), and general health and depression (health) among child meal card (CMC) and facility meal service (FMS) participants compared with nonparticipants.
METHODS: The 2018 Comprehensive Survey on Korean Children data were analyzed. Precisely, 847 children from low-income households aged 9-17 were categorized into CMC (n = 331), FMS (n = 209), and income-eligible nonparticipants (n = 307). Propensity score-weighted generalized linear models assessed CMSP\'s impact on FNI and health. Stratified generalized linear models examined heterogeneity in FNI-health associations by CMSP status.
RESULTS: CMC participants reported more frequent breakfast consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 0.662, p < 0.05) but poorer self-rated general health (OR = 1.890, p < 0.05); FMS participants were less likely to have three meals (OR = 1.814, p < 0.05), fruits and vegetables (OR = 2.194, p < 0.001), and protein-rich foods daily (OR = 1.695, p < 0.05) than nonparticipants. Health risks associated with healthful food consumption and meal frequency were more pronounced among CMC and FMS/nonparticipants, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: CMSP had a limited impact on reducing FNI and improving health among children from low-income households. CMC appeared more effective than FMS in alleviating FNI, notwithstanding potential health concerns. Food assistance programs should seek comprehensive enhancements in children\'s food and nutrition security and health.
摘要：
背景：韩国的儿童膳食支持计划（CMSP）旨在减少食物和营养不安全（FNI）并改善低收入家庭儿童的健康状况。
目的：我们研究了不同类型的CMSP对韩国儿童FNI和健康的影响，分析膳食频率和健康食品消费(FNI)，儿童膳食卡（CMC）和设施膳食服务（FMS）参与者与非参与者相比，总体健康和抑郁（健康）。
方法：对2018年韩国儿童综合调查数据进行分析。准确地说，来自9-17岁低收入家庭的847名儿童被归类为CMC(n=331)，FMS(n=209),和符合收入条件的非参与者(n=307)。倾向得分加权广义线性模型评估了CMSP对FNI和健康的影响。分层广义线性模型通过CMSP状态检查了FNI-健康关联中的异质性。
结果：CMC参与者报告早餐消费更频繁（比值比[OR]=0.462，p<0.05），但自我评估的一般健康状况较差（OR=1.890，p<0.05）；FMS参与者吃三餐的可能性较小（OR=1.814，p<0.05），水果和蔬菜（OR=2.194，p<0.001），每天富含蛋白质的食物（OR=1.695，p<0.05）高于非参与者。与健康食物消费和进餐频率相关的健康风险在CMC和FMS/非参与者中更为明显，分别。
结论：CMSP对减少FNI和改善低收入家庭儿童健康的影响有限。CMC在缓解FNI方面似乎比FMS更有效，尽管潜在的健康问题。粮食援助计划应寻求全面加强儿童的粮食和营养安全与健康。
目的：我们研究了不同类型的CMSP对韩国儿童FNI和健康的影响，分析膳食频率和健康食品消费(FNI)，儿童膳食卡（CMC）和设施膳食服务（FMS）参与者与非参与者相比，总体健康和抑郁（健康）。
方法：对2018年韩国儿童综合调查数据进行分析。准确地说，来自9-17岁低收入家庭的847名儿童被归类为CMC(n=331)，FMS(n=209),和符合收入条件的非参与者(n=307)。倾向得分加权广义线性模型评估了CMSP对FNI和健康的影响。分层广义线性模型通过CMSP状态检查了FNI-健康关联中的异质性。
结果：CMC参与者报告早餐消费更频繁（比值比[OR]=0.462，p<0.05），但自我评估的一般健康状况较差（OR=1.890，p<0.05）；FMS参与者吃三餐的可能性较小（OR=1.814，p<0.05），水果和蔬菜（OR=2.194，p<0.001），每天富含蛋白质的食物（OR=1.695，p<0.05）高于非参与者。与健康食物消费和进餐频率相关的健康风险在CMC和FMS/非参与者中更为明显，分别。
结论：CMSP对减少FNI和改善低收入家庭儿童健康的影响有限。CMC在缓解FNI方面似乎比FMS更有效，尽管潜在的健康问题。粮食援助计划应寻求全面加强儿童的粮食和营养安全与健康。
