Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To examine racial and ethnic differences in costs of informal caregiving among older adults with dementia in the United States.
METHODS: We used data from the 2002 to 2018 Health and Retirement Survey to estimate annual informal care hours for adults with dementia (n = 10,015). We used regression models to examine racial and ethnic differences in hours of informal care for activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL, controlling for demographic characteristics, education, and level of disability.
RESULTS: Our sample was 70% non-Hispanic White, 19% non-Hispanic Black, and 11% Hispanic. Hispanics received, on average, 35.8 hours of informal care each week, compared to 30.1 for Blacks and 20.1 for Whites. Racial and ethnic differences persisted when controlling for covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: Informal care is a greater cost to racial and ethnic minoritized families. Informal care was valued at a replacement cost of $44,656 for Hispanics, $37,508 for Blacks, and $25,121 for Whites.
METHODS: We used data from the 2002 to 2018 Health and Retirement Survey to estimate annual informal care hours for adults with dementia (n = 10,015). We used regression models to examine racial and ethnic differences in hours of informal care for activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL, controlling for demographic characteristics, education, and level of disability.
RESULTS: Our sample was 70% non-Hispanic White, 19% non-Hispanic Black, and 11% Hispanic. Hispanics received, on average, 35.8 hours of informal care each week, compared to 30.1 for Blacks and 20.1 for Whites. Racial and ethnic differences persisted when controlling for covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: Informal care is a greater cost to racial and ethnic minoritized families. Informal care was valued at a replacement cost of $44,656 for Hispanics, $37,508 for Blacks, and $25,121 for Whites.
摘要：
目的：研究美国老年痴呆症患者非正式护理费用的种族和民族差异。
方法：我们使用2002年至2018年健康与退休调查的数据来估算痴呆症成年人的年度非正式护理时间（n=10,015）。我们使用回归模型来检查日常生活活动非正式护理时间（ADL）和工具性ADL的种族和种族差异，控制人口特征，教育,和残疾水平。
结果：我们的样本是70%的非西班牙裔白人，19%的非西班牙裔黑人,和11%的西班牙裔。西班牙裔收到，平均而言,每周35.8小时的非正式护理，相比之下，黑人为30.1，白人为20.1。在控制协变量时，种族和种族差异仍然存在。
结论：非正式护理是种族和族裔家庭的更大成本。非正式护理的价值为拉美裔美国人的重置成本为$44,656，黑人$37,508，和25,121美元的白人。
方法：我们使用2002年至2018年健康与退休调查的数据来估算痴呆症成年人的年度非正式护理时间（n=10,015）。我们使用回归模型来检查日常生活活动非正式护理时间（ADL）和工具性ADL的种族和种族差异，控制人口特征，教育,和残疾水平。
结果：我们的样本是70%的非西班牙裔白人，19%的非西班牙裔黑人,和11%的西班牙裔。西班牙裔收到，平均而言,每周35.8小时的非正式护理，相比之下，黑人为30.1，白人为20.1。在控制协变量时，种族和种族差异仍然存在。
结论：非正式护理是种族和族裔家庭的更大成本。非正式护理的价值为拉美裔美国人的重置成本为$44,656，黑人$37,508，和25,121美元的白人。
