Abstract：
Carbon dots (CDs) are quasi-spherical carbon nanoparticles with excellent photoluminescence, good biocompatibility, favorable photostability, and easily modifiable surfaces. CDs, serving as fluorescent probes, have emerged as an ideal tool for cellular differentiation owing to their outstanding luminescence performance and tunable surface properties. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress with CDs in the differentiation of cancer/normal cells, Gram-positive/Gram-negative bacteria, and live/dead cells, as well as the cellular differences used for differentiation. Additionally, we summarize the preparation methods, raw materials, and properties of the CDs used for cell discrimination. The differentiation mechanisms and the advantages or limitations of the differentiation methods are also introduced. Finally, we propose several research challenges in this field and future research directions that require extensive investigation. It is hoped that this review will help researchers in the design of new CDs as ideal fluorescent probes for realizing diverse cell differentiation applications.
摘要：
碳点（CD）是准球形碳纳米颗粒，具有优异的光致发光，良好的生物相容性,良好的光稳定性，和易于修改的表面。CD,作为荧光探针，由于其出色的发光性能和可调的表面特性，已成为细胞分化的理想工具。在这次审查中,本文综述了近年来CDs在癌/正常细胞分化中的研究进展,革兰氏阳性/革兰氏阴性细菌，和活/死细胞，以及用于分化的细胞差异。此外,我们总结了制备方法，原材料,以及用于细胞识别的CD的特性。还介绍了分化机制和分化方法的优点或局限性。最后,我们提出了该领域的几个研究挑战和未来需要广泛调查的研究方向。希望这篇综述将有助于研究人员设计新型CD作为实现多种细胞分化应用的理想荧光探针。
