Abstract：
Cellular proteins and the mRNAs that encode them are key factors in oocyte and sperm development, and the mechanisms that regulate their translation and degradation play an important role during early embryogenesis. There is abundant evidence that expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is crucial for embryo development and are highly involved in regulating translation during oocyte and early embryo development. MiRNAs are a group of short (18-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene silencing. The miRNAs are secreted outside the cell by embryos during preimplantation embryo development. Understanding regulatory mechanisms involving miRNAs during gametogenesis and embryogenesis will provide insights into molecular pathways active during gamete formation and early embryo development. This review summarizes recent findings regarding multiple roles of miRNAs in molecular signaling, plus their transport during gametogenesis and embryo preimplantation.
摘要：
细胞蛋白和编码它们的mRNA是卵母细胞和精子发育的关键因素，调节其翻译和降解的机制在早期胚胎发生中起着重要作用。有大量证据表明，microRNAs（miRNAs）的表达对胚胎发育至关重要，并且在卵母细胞和早期胚胎发育过程中高度参与调节翻译。miRNA是一组短的(18-24个核苷酸)非编码RNA分子,其调节转录后基因沉默。miRNA在植入前胚胎发育期间由胚胎分泌到细胞外。了解配子发生和胚胎发生过程中涉及miRNA的调节机制将提供对配子形成和早期胚胎发育过程中活跃的分子途径的见解。这篇综述总结了有关miRNA在分子信号传导中的多种作用的最新发现。加上它们在配子发生和胚胎植入前的运输。
