Abstract：
Plants face a wide array of challenges in their environment, both from living organisms (biotic stresses) and non-living factors (abiotic stresses). Among the major abiotic stressors affecting crop plants, variations in temperature, water availability, salinity, and cold pose significant threats to crop yield and the quality of produce. Plants possess remarkable adaptability and resilience, and they employ a range of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms to respond and cope with abiotic stresses. A few crucial set of epigenetic mechanisms that support plants in their battle against these stresses includes DNA methylation and histone modifications. These mechanisms play a pivotal role in enabling plants to endure and thrive under challenging environmental conditions. The mechanisms of different epigenetic mechanisms in responding to the abiotic stresses vary. Each plant species and type of stress may trigger distinct epigenetic responses, highlighting the complexity of the plant\'s ability to adapt under stress conditions. This review focuses on the paramount importance of epigenetics in enhancing a plant\'s ability to survive and excel under various abiotic stresses. It highlights recent advancements in our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms that contribute to abiotic stress tolerance in plants. This growing knowledge is pivotal for shaping future efforts aimed at mitigating the impact of abiotic stresses on diverse crop plants.
摘要：
植物在环境中面临着各种各样的挑战，来自生物体(生物胁迫)和非生物因素(非生物胁迫)。在影响作物的主要非生物胁迫中，温度的变化，水供应,盐度,和寒冷对作物产量和农产品质量构成重大威胁。植物具有显著的适应性和恢复力，他们利用一系列遗传和表观遗传机制来应对和应对非生物胁迫。支持植物对抗这些胁迫的一些关键的表观遗传机制包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰。这些机制在使植物能够在具有挑战性的环境条件下忍受和茁壮成长方面发挥着关键作用。不同的表观遗传机制应对非生物胁迫的机制各不相同。每种植物物种和胁迫类型都可能引发不同的表观遗传反应，强调植物在胁迫条件下适应能力的复杂性。这篇综述着重于表观遗传学在增强植物在各种非生物胁迫下的生存能力和超越能力方面的重要性。它强调了我们对导致植物非生物胁迫耐受性的表观遗传机制的理解的最新进展。这种不断增长的知识对于塑造旨在减轻非生物胁迫对多种作物的影响的未来努力至关重要。
