Abstract：
Early life phthalates exposure has been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes. However, evidence linking prenatal phthalates exposure and childhood lung function has been inconclusive. Additionally, few studies have examined phthalates exposure as a mixture and explored sexually dimorphic associations. We aimed to investigate sex-specific associations of prenatal phthalates mixtures with childhood lung function using the PROGRESS cohort in Mexico (N = 476). Prenatal phthalate concentrations were measured in maternal urine collected during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Children\'s lung function was evaluated at ages 8-13 years. Individual associations were assessed using multivariable linear regression, and mixture associations were modeled using repeated holdout WQS regression and hierarchical BKMR; data was stratified by sex to explore sex-specific associations. We identified significant interactions between 2nd trimester phthalates mixture and sex on FEV1 and FVC z-scores. Higher 2nd trimester phthalate concentrations were associated with higher FEV1 (β = 0.054, 95 %CI: 0.005, 0.104) and FVC z-scores (β = 0.074, 95 % CI: 0.024, 0.124) in females and with lower measures in males (FEV1, β = -0.017, 95 %CI: -0.066, 0.026; FVC, β = -0.014, 95 %CI: -0.065, 0.030). This study indicates that prenatal exposure to phthalates is related to childhood lung function in a sex-specific manner.
摘要：
生命早期邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与不良呼吸结局相关。然而,产前邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与儿童肺功能相关的证据尚无定论。此外,很少有研究将邻苯二甲酸盐暴露为混合物，并探索性二态关联。我们旨在使用墨西哥的PROGRESS队列（N=476）调查产前邻苯二甲酸酯混合物与儿童肺功能的性别特异性关联。在第2和第3个月期间收集的母体尿液中测量了产前邻苯二甲酸酯浓度。儿童的肺功能在8-13岁时进行评估。使用多变量线性回归评估个体关联，和混合关联使用重复保留WQS回归和分层BKMR建模;数据按性别分层以探索性别特异性关联.我们在FEV1和FVCz评分上确定了孕中期邻苯二甲酸酯混合物与性别之间的显着相互作用。在女性中，较高的第二三个月邻苯二甲酸酯浓度与较高的FEV1（β=0.054，95CI：0.005，0.104）和FVCz评分（β=0.074，95％CI：0.024，0.124）相关，而在男性中，则与较低的测量值相关（FEV1，β=-0.017，95CI：-0.066，0.026；FVC，β=-0.014，95CI：-0.065，0.030)。这项研究表明，产前接触邻苯二甲酸酯与儿童肺功能有关，具有性别特异性。
