Abstract：
Chronic wounds can be classified as diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, or venous leg ulcers. Chronic wound management has become a threat to clinicians and constitutes a major healthcare burden. The healing process of chronic wounds requires many factors to work in concert to achieve optimal healing. Various treatment options, ranging from hypoxia to infection, have evolved considerably to address the challenges associated with chronic wound healing. The conventional and accelerating treatments for chronic wounds still represent an unmet medical need due to the complex pathophysiology of the chronic wound microenvironment. In clinical settings, traditional chronic wound care practices rely on nonspecific topical treatment, which can reduce pain and alleviate disease progression with varying levels of success but fail to completely cure the wounds. Conventional wound dressings, such as hydrocolloids, gauze, foams, and films, have also shown limited success for the treatment of chronic wounds and only act as a physical barrier and absorb wound exudates. Emerging advances in treatment approaches, including novel therapies (stem cells, microRNAs, and nanocarrier-based delivery systems) and multifunctional biological dressings, have been reported for chronic wound repair. This review summarizes the challenges offered by chronic wounds and discusses recent advancements in chronic wound treatment.
摘要：
慢性伤口可以归类为糖尿病足溃疡，压疮,或者腿部静脉性溃疡.慢性伤口管理已成为对临床医生的威胁并构成主要的医疗保健负担。慢性伤口的愈合过程需要许多因素协同工作以实现最佳愈合。各种治疗方案，从缺氧到感染，已经相当大的发展，以解决与慢性伤口愈合相关的挑战。由于慢性伤口微环境的复杂病理生理学,用于慢性伤口的常规和加速治疗仍代表未满足的医疗需求。在临床环境中，传统的慢性伤口护理实践依赖于非特异性局部治疗，它可以减轻疼痛，缓解疾病进展，不同程度的成功，但不能完全治愈伤口。常规伤口敷料,如水胶体，纱布,泡沫，和电影,对于慢性伤口的治疗也显示出有限的成功,并且仅充当物理屏障并吸收伤口渗出物。治疗方法的新进展，包括新疗法（干细胞，microRNAs,和基于纳米载体的递送系统)和多功能生物敷料，已经报道了慢性伤口修复。这篇综述总结了慢性伤口所面临的挑战，并讨论了慢性伤口治疗的最新进展。
