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Abstract：
Although there is rising global concern over the environmental, ecological, and human health risks associated with the discharge of leachates from e-waste dumpsites into the aquatic ecosystems, little is known in this research area. Thus, for this study, we first defined the chemistry of the test leachate, followed by assessment of the leachate on the development of a model aquatic organism (Fundulus heteroclitus) used extensively as a bioassay organism in pollution studies. Chemical analyses revealed that levels of phosphate (20.03 mg/L), cadmium (Cd) (0.4 mg/L), lead (Pb) (0.2 mg/L), and chromium (Cr) (0.4 mg/L) were higher than the 2009 US EPA and the 2009 National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) permissible limits. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) burdens were dominated mainly by the high molecular weight congeners, specifically the ∑4rings (73 μg/L). Total polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) levels ranged from 0.00 to 0.40 μg/L with the ∑deca PCBs reaching the highest concentration. For the biological studies, F. heteroclitus embryos (48-h post-fertilization) were divided randomly into groups and exposed to one of six e-waste leachate concentrations (10, 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001%). Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between treated and control groups were observed in standard and total length, and head size. Further analysis using Duncan\'s post-hoc test of multiple comparison also revealed specific differences within and between specific treatment groups. We conclude that e-waste leachate arising from indiscriminate dumping into aquatic ecosystems in Nigeria contains mixtures of toxic constituents that can threaten ecosystem and public health.
摘要：
尽管全球对环境的关注日益增加，生态,以及与将渗滤液从电子废物垃圾场排放到水生生态系统有关的人类健康风险，在这个研究领域鲜为人知。因此，对于这项研究，我们首先定义了测试渗滤液的化学性质，然后对渗滤液进行评估，以评估模型水生生物（Fundulusheterosalclitus）的发育，该生物在污染研究中被广泛用作生物测定生物。化学分析显示，磷酸盐的水平(20.03毫克/升)，镉(Cd)(0.4mg/L),铅（Pb）（0.2mg/L），和铬（Cr）（0.4mg/L）高于2009年美国EPA和2009年国家环境标准和法规执行机构（NESREA）的允许限值。多环芳烃（PAH）负担主要由高分子量同源物主导，特别是∑4环(73μg/L)。多氯联苯（PCB）的总含量为0.00至0.40μg/L，∑decaPCB达到最高浓度。对于生物学研究，F.异型胚胎（受精后48小时）随机分为几组，暴露于六种电子垃圾渗滤液浓度（10、1、0.1、0.01、0.001、0.0001％）之一。在标准和总长度方面，观察到治疗组和对照组之间的显着差异（p≤0.05）。和头部大小。使用Duncan的多重比较事后检验的进一步分析也揭示了特定治疗组内部和之间的特定差异。我们得出的结论是，尼日利亚不分青红皂白地倾倒到水生生态系统中产生的电子垃圾渗滤液中含有有毒成分的混合物，可能威胁生态系统和公众健康。
