PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Introduction Putting in stainless steel crowns as a post-endodontic restoration and space maintainers as a post-extraction appliance to maintain the space for the eruption of underlying teeth in case of early loss in children are some of the most commonly practised procedures that pediatric dentists undertake in their day-to-day lives. Maintaining good oral hygiene for better gingival health is important. If it is not taken care of, gradual destruction of supporting soft and hard tissues of the teeth occurs. There were numerous studies conducted over the past few years, but no split-mouth study compares the crowns and bands. Hence, this study compares the gingival health between stainless steel crowns and band and loop space maintainers. Materials and methods This split-mouth randomised controlled trial included 31 children aged between four and nine years who had stainless steel crowns on one side and a band and loop space maintainer on the other side of the mandibular arch. The split-mouth study was carried out to minimise the outcome bias as oral hygiene practices differ from one individual to another. Presence/absence of bleeding on probing (BOP) and the Gingival Index (GI) using the Loe and Silness GI were assessed at baseline and at six months. Data was entered in an Excel sheet (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington, United States) and analysed in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23, (Released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). The significance level was fixed as 5% (α = 0.05). The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of parameters of gingival health. The parameters are described in terms of mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentages. Intragroup analysis was done using Friedman tests across the timelines. Intergroup analysis using Mann-Whitney U tests was done between the groups at different timelines. Results At the beginning of the study, 46 children (22 girls and 24 boys) were enrolled considering the dropout. However, 15 children did not attend the follow-up review, resulting in a loss to follow-up. Consequently, only 31 children, each with a band and loop space maintainer and a stainless steel crown, were included for the final interpretation of the results in this study. At one month, both BOP and GI were significantly different (p<0.05) between the stainless steel crown and stainless steel band where the crown showed better gingival health and absence of bleeding than the band and loop. At three months and six months, gingival health improved in both groups, but there was no significant difference between the groups. The Friedman test revealed that both the stainless steel crown and stainless steel band groups had a significant difference at six months from baseline. Mann-Whitney tests were done to analyse the difference in parameters at baseline and at six months between both groups. There was no significant difference in the baseline in the parameters between the groups. Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, this study concludes that the gingival health based on BOP and GI shows a significant difference across the timeline within the groups, namely, stainless steel crown and stainless steel band, but no significant difference between the groups at various timelines.
摘要：
引言放入不锈钢牙冠作为牙髓后修复体，放入空间保持器作为拔牙后矫治器，以在儿童早期脱落的情况下保持下面牙齿萌出的空间，是儿科牙医在日常生活中最常见的一些做法。保持良好的口腔卫生对更好的牙龈健康很重要。如果没有得到照顾，逐渐破坏牙齿的支撑软组织和硬组织。在过去的几年里进行了大量的研究，但是没有裂口研究比较冠和带。因此，这项研究比较了不锈钢冠和带和环空间保持器之间的牙龈健康。材料和方法这项裂口随机对照试验包括31名年龄在4至9岁之间的儿童，他们的一侧有不锈钢牙冠，而在下颌弓的另一侧有带状和环形空间保持器。进行口开研究是为了最大程度地减少结果偏差，因为口腔卫生习惯因人而异。在基线和六个月时评估使用Loe和SilnessGI的探查（BOP）和牙龈指数（GI）时是否存在出血。数据输入Excel表格(微软公司，雷德蒙德,华盛顿,美国)并在IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows中进行了分析，版本23（2015年发布；IBMCorp.,Armonk,纽约,美国)。显著性水平固定为5%(α=0.05)。Shapiro-Wilk检验用于评估牙龈健康参数的正常性。参数用平均值来描述，标准偏差，频率和百分比。跨时间线使用弗里德曼测试进行群体内分析。使用Mann-WhitneyU检验在不同时间线上的组间进行组间分析。结果在研究开始时,考虑到辍学，有46名儿童（22名女孩和24名男孩）入学。然而,15名儿童没有参加后续审查，造成后续损失。因此,只有31个孩子,每个都有一个带和环空间维护者和一个不锈钢冠，纳入本研究结果的最终解释。一个月后,在不锈钢冠和不锈钢带之间，BOP和GI均存在显着差异（p<0.05），其中冠显示出比带和环更好的牙龈健康和没有出血。三个月又六个月，两组牙龈健康都得到改善，但两组间无显著差异。Friedman测试表明，不锈钢冠和不锈钢带组在六个月时与基线相比具有显着差异。进行Mann-Whitney测试以分析两组之间基线和六个月时参数的差异。两组之间的基线参数没有显着差异。结论在本研究的局限性内,这项研究得出的结论是，基于BOP和GI的牙龈健康在各组内的时间线上显示出显着差异，即,不锈钢表冠和不锈钢带，但在不同的时间线，各组之间没有显着差异。
