Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Violence against children is a global phenomenon, yet children living in humanitarian settings are at elevated risk of experiencing violent parenting. Parenting interventions are a recommended prevention strategy.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of parenting interventions in preventing violence against children and related parent and child outcomes.
METHODS: Primary caregivers in humanitarian settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
METHODS: A highly sensitive multi-language systematic search in electronic and grey-literature database. Studies were appraised for risk of bias, summary effects by certainty of effect, and effect estimates pooled using robust variance estimation.
RESULTS: Twenty-three randomized trials were meta-analyzed finding a small effect on physical and psychological violence (n = 14, k = 21, d = -0.36, 95 % CI [-0.69, -0.04]), positive parenting (n = 16, k = 43, d = 0.48, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.67]), negative parenting (n = 17, k = 37, d = -0.42, 95 % CI [-0.67, -0.16]), parental poor mental health (n = 9, k = 15, d = -0.34, 95 % CI [-0.66, -0.02]), and internalizing behaviors (n = 11, k = 29, d = -0.38, 95 % CI [-0.70, -0.05]); a non-significant effect on externalizing child behaviors (n = 9, k = 17, d = -0.12, 95 % CI [-0.50, 0.27]). Too few studies reported intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and parenting stress outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that parenting interventions in humanitarian settings in LMICs may be an effective strategy to reduce physical and psychological violence, and numerous related parent and child outcomes. However, findings need to be interpreted in light of the limited number of available studies and imprecise statistical significance for selected outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of parenting interventions in preventing violence against children and related parent and child outcomes.
METHODS: Primary caregivers in humanitarian settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
METHODS: A highly sensitive multi-language systematic search in electronic and grey-literature database. Studies were appraised for risk of bias, summary effects by certainty of effect, and effect estimates pooled using robust variance estimation.
RESULTS: Twenty-three randomized trials were meta-analyzed finding a small effect on physical and psychological violence (n = 14, k = 21, d = -0.36, 95 % CI [-0.69, -0.04]), positive parenting (n = 16, k = 43, d = 0.48, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.67]), negative parenting (n = 17, k = 37, d = -0.42, 95 % CI [-0.67, -0.16]), parental poor mental health (n = 9, k = 15, d = -0.34, 95 % CI [-0.66, -0.02]), and internalizing behaviors (n = 11, k = 29, d = -0.38, 95 % CI [-0.70, -0.05]); a non-significant effect on externalizing child behaviors (n = 9, k = 17, d = -0.12, 95 % CI [-0.50, 0.27]). Too few studies reported intimate partner violence, sexual violence, and parenting stress outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that parenting interventions in humanitarian settings in LMICs may be an effective strategy to reduce physical and psychological violence, and numerous related parent and child outcomes. However, findings need to be interpreted in light of the limited number of available studies and imprecise statistical significance for selected outcomes.
摘要：
背景：暴力侵害儿童是一种全球现象，然而，生活在人道主义环境中的儿童遭受暴力育儿的风险更高。育儿干预措施是建议的预防策略。
目的：对育儿干预措施在预防暴力侵害儿童及相关父母和儿童结局方面的有效性进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
方法：低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）人道主义环境中的主要照顾者。
方法：在电子和灰色文献数据库中进行高度敏感的多语言系统搜索。对偏倚风险的研究进行了评估，通过效果的确定性总结效果，和使用稳健方差估计汇集的效果估计。
结果：对23项随机试验进行了荟萃分析，发现对身体和心理暴力的影响很小（n=14，k=21，d=-0.36，95％CI[-0.69，-0.04]）。正父母教养(n=16，k=43，d=0.48，95%CI[0.29，0.67])，负父母教养（n=17，k=37，d=-0.42，95%CI[-0.67，-0.16]），父母心理健康状况不佳(n=9，k=15，d=-0.34，95%CI[-0.66，-0.02])，和内在化行为(n=11，k=29，d=-0.38，95%CI[-0.70，-0.05])；对外在化儿童行为无显著影响(n=9，k=17，d=-0.12，95%CI[-0.50，0.27])。很少有研究报告亲密伴侣暴力，性暴力,和育儿压力结果。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，在低收入国家的人道主义环境中进行育儿干预可能是减少身心暴力的有效策略，以及许多相关的父母和孩子的结果。然而,研究结果需要根据现有研究数量有限以及选定结局的统计显著性不精确来解释.
目的：对育儿干预措施在预防暴力侵害儿童及相关父母和儿童结局方面的有效性进行系统评价和荟萃分析。
方法：低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）人道主义环境中的主要照顾者。
方法：在电子和灰色文献数据库中进行高度敏感的多语言系统搜索。对偏倚风险的研究进行了评估，通过效果的确定性总结效果，和使用稳健方差估计汇集的效果估计。
结果：对23项随机试验进行了荟萃分析，发现对身体和心理暴力的影响很小（n=14，k=21，d=-0.36，95％CI[-0.69，-0.04]）。正父母教养(n=16，k=43，d=0.48，95%CI[0.29，0.67])，负父母教养（n=17，k=37，d=-0.42，95%CI[-0.67，-0.16]），父母心理健康状况不佳(n=9，k=15，d=-0.34，95%CI[-0.66，-0.02])，和内在化行为(n=11，k=29，d=-0.38，95%CI[-0.70，-0.05])；对外在化儿童行为无显著影响(n=9，k=17，d=-0.12，95%CI[-0.50，0.27])。很少有研究报告亲密伴侣暴力，性暴力,和育儿压力结果。
结论：我们的研究结果表明，在低收入国家的人道主义环境中进行育儿干预可能是减少身心暴力的有效策略，以及许多相关的父母和孩子的结果。然而,研究结果需要根据现有研究数量有限以及选定结局的统计显著性不精确来解释.
