Abstract：
Increasing evidence indicate that neuroinflammation triggered by glial cells plays a significant role in epileptogenesis. To this effect, the overexpression of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) in activated microglia and astrocytes has been identified as an inflammatory biomarker in epilepsy. It is now possible to quantify neuroinflammation using non-invasive positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of TSPO. With the advancement of radiotracers, TSPO PET has become an innovative tool in elucidating the \"neuroinflammatory machinery\" of drug-resistant epilepsy. Furthermore, TSPO PET has demonstrated potential in detecting MRI-negative epileptogenic zones (EZ) and provided an innovative perspective in epileptic medical treatment. This manuscript presents a comprehensive exploration of the neuroinflammatory mechanisms of epilepsy, alongside a thorough review of TSPO PET studies conducted in clinical and preclinical settings. The primary objective is to deepen our understanding of epilepsy progression and to establish TSPO PET as an effective monitoring tool for treatment efficacy.
摘要：
越来越多的证据表明，神经胶质细胞引发的神经炎症在癫痫发生中起着重要作用。为此，活化的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞中转运蛋白18kDa(TSPO)的过表达已被确定为癫痫的炎性生物标志物。现在可以使用TSPO的非侵入性正电子发射断层扫描（PET）成像来量化神经炎症。随着放射性示踪剂的发展，TSPOPET已成为阐明耐药性癫痫的“神经炎症机制”的创新工具。此外，TSPOPET已显示出检测MRI阴性癫痫区（EZ）的潜力，并为癫痫医学治疗提供了创新的视角。这篇手稿对癫痫的神经炎症机制进行了全面的探索，同时对在临床和临床前环境中进行的TSPOPET研究进行了全面审查。主要目标是加深我们对癫痫进展的理解，并建立TSPOPET作为治疗效果的有效监测工具。
