PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Respiratory infections are one of the most common causes of illness and morbidity in neonates worldwide. In the acute phase infections are known to cause wide-spread peripheral inflammation. However, the inflammatory consequences to the critical neural control centres for respiration have not been explored. Utilising a well characterised model of neonatal respiratory infection, we investigated acute responses within the medulla oblongata which contains key respiratory regions. Neonatal mice were intranasally inoculated within 24 h of birth, with either Chlamydia muridarum or sham-infected, and tissue collected on postnatal day 15, the peak of peripheral inflammation. A key finding of this study is that, while the periphery appeared to show no sex-specific effects of a neonatal respiratory infection, sex had a significant impact on the inflammatory response of the medulla oblongata. There was a distinct sex-specific response in the medulla coincident with peak of peripheral inflammation, with females demonstrating an upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and males showing very few changes. Microglia also demonstrated sex-specificity with the morphology of females and males differing based upon the nuclei. Astrocytes showed limited changes during the acute response to neonatal infection. These data highlight the strong sex-specific impact of a respiratory infection can have on the medulla in the acute inflammatory phase.
摘要：
呼吸道感染是全球新生儿疾病和发病的最常见原因之一。在急性期,已知感染引起广泛的外周炎症。然而,尚未研究炎症对关键神经呼吸控制中心的影响。利用新生儿呼吸道感染的特征良好的模型，我们调查了延髓内的急性反应，延髓内包含关键的呼吸区域。新生小鼠在出生后24小时内鼻内接种，无论是鼠衣原体还是假感染，和组织收集在出生后第15天，周围炎症的高峰。这项研究的一个关键发现是，虽然外围似乎没有显示新生儿呼吸道感染的性别特异性影响，性别对延髓的炎症反应有显著影响。髓质有明显的性别特异性反应，与周围炎症的高峰一致，女性表现出抗炎细胞因子的上调，男性表现出很少的变化。小胶质细胞还表现出性别特异性，雌性和雄性的形态因细胞核而异。星形胶质细胞在对新生儿感染的急性反应中表现出有限的变化。这些数据强调了呼吸道感染在急性炎症期对髓质的强烈的性别特异性影响。
