Abstract：
Dermanyssus gallinae, a worldwide pest in birds, has developed varying degrees of resistance to insecticides. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are essential for the removal of xenobiotics from arthropods. However, our knowledge about ABC transporter proteins in D. gallinae is limited. Forty ABC transporters were identified in the transcriptome and genome of D. gallinae. The resistant population displayed an augmented metabolic rate for beta-cypermethrin compared to the susceptible group, with a remarkable increase in the content of ABC transporters. Verapamil was found able to increase the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin in the resistant population. Results from qRT-PCR analysis showed that eleven ABC transcripts were more highly expressed in the resistant population than the susceptible group at all stages of development, and beta-cypermethrin was observed to be able to induce the expression of DgABCA5, DgABCB4, DgABCD3, DgABCE1 and DgABCG5 in D. gallinae. RNAi-mediated knockdown of the five genes was observed to increase the susceptibility of resistant mites to beta-cypermethrin. These results suggest that ABC transporters, DgABCA5, DgABCB4, DgABCD3, DgABCE1 and DgABCG5 genes, may be related to beta-cypermethrin resistance in D. gallinae. This research will serve as a foundation for further studies on mechanism of insecticide resistance, which could be beneficial for controlling D. gallinae.
摘要：
鸡皮病，一种世界性的鸟类害虫，对杀虫剂产生了不同程度的抗药性。ATP结合盒（ABC）转运蛋白对于从节肢动物中去除外源性物质至关重要。然而,我们对D.gallinae中ABC转运蛋白的了解有限。在D.gallinae的转录组和基因组中鉴定了40种ABC转运蛋白。与易感人群相比，抗性人群对氯氰菊酯的代谢率增加，ABC转运蛋白的含量显着增加。发现维拉帕米能够增加耐药人群中β-氯氰菊酯的毒性。qRT-PCR分析结果表明，在各个发育阶段，抗性群体中11个ABC转录本的高表达率高于易感群体，观察到氯氰菊酯能够诱导D.gallinae中DgABCA5，DgABCB4，DgABCD3，DgABCE1和DgABCG5的表达。观察到RNAi介导的5个基因的敲减增加了抗性螨对β-氯氰菊酯的易感性。这些结果表明，ABC转运蛋白，DgABCA5，DgABCB4，DgABCD3，DgABCE1和DgABCG5基因，可能与胆虫对氯氰菊酯的耐药性有关。本研究将为进一步研究杀虫剂的抗药性机制奠定基础,这可能对控制D.gallinae有益。
