Abstract：
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common medical disorder and the most impacting sleep disturbance. OSA derive from the narrowing of the upper airway during sleep, which result in recurrent episodes of ventilatory disturbances expressed by an increased airflow resistance (flow limitation and hypopneas) and often an absence of ventilation (apneas). The high heterogeneity in the clinical picture of OSA turns diagnostic and treatment challenging. In the last decade different phenotypes, referring to specific categories of patients that can be distinguished from others by features and related clinical meaningful attributes, were identified. Those phenotypes may predict clinically important outcomes as those deriving from MAD therapy.
摘要：
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种常见的医学疾病，也是影响最大的睡眠障碍。OSA源于睡眠期间上呼吸道狭窄，这会导致反复发作的通气障碍，表现为气流阻力增加（流量限制和呼吸不足），并且通常没有通气（呼吸暂停）。OSA临床表现的高度异质性使诊断和治疗具有挑战性。在过去的十年中，不同的表型，指可以通过特征和相关的临床意义属性与其他患者区分的特定类别，已确定。这些表型可以预测来自MAD治疗的临床重要结果。
