Abstract：
Congenital nail disorders are an uncommon presenting symptom which can be difficult to diagnose and manage. Nail diseases in the pediatric population differ from those in adults in terms of diagnosis, approach and management. In most cases, they do not require treatment and resolve with growth. Physicians need to be able to recognize them, to reassure the parents. The most frequently encountered pathologies associated with nail disorder are syndactyly, acrosyndactyly, symbrachydactyly, macrodactyly, Wassel I thumb duplication, Kirner\'s deformity and congenital onychodysplasia of the index finger. Treatment usually consists in surgical correction of the deformity. Nail malformation can also be an aspect of a systemic disease. It may provide a clue for screening, and should not be overlooked. Nail conditions can be the first sign of nail-patella syndrome, ectodermal dysplasia, dyskeratosis congenita, epidermolysis bullosa, pachyonychia congenita or lung disease. Medical treatment is therefore discussed on a case-by-case basis.
摘要：
先天性指甲疾病是一种罕见的症状，难以诊断和管理。儿童人群的指甲疾病在诊断方面与成人不同，方法和管理。在大多数情况下,他们不需要治疗和成长的决心。医生需要能够识别它们，让父母放心。与指甲疾病相关的最常见的病理是并列的，杂音,合音尖顶，宏观，我的拇指重复，柯纳畸形和食指先天性甲发育不良。治疗通常包括手术矫正畸形。指甲畸形也可能是全身性疾病的一个方面。它可能为筛查提供了线索，不应该被忽视。指甲状况可能是指甲髌骨综合征的第一个征兆，外胚层发育不良,先天性角化障碍,大疱性表皮松解症,先天性假甲或肺部疾病。因此，在个案基础上讨论药物治疗。
