Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Anemia is a common comorbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly in older adults. However, there is a lack of data on the prevalence and the characteristics of anemia in this population in Spain.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and the characteristics of anemia in patients with DM aged 50 or older (PDM50) in a healthcare district in the province of Cádiz.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted that included outpatient\'s laboratory tests (OLT) performed over 30 months at PDM50.
RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 29.9% (95% CI: 28.7%-31.1%), predominating in women (33.3% vs 26.7%; P < 0.01), in older people stratified by decades (61.7% in 9th decade vs 12% in 5th decade; P < 0.01), and in those with kidney disease (44.7% vs 28%; P < 0.01). Most cases were mild (68.3%), normocytic (78.7%), and hypochromic (52%). Similarly, moderate-to-severe anemia was more frequent in women (39% vs 23%), their prevalence increased with age (45% in the 9th decade vs 24% in the 5th decade), and with the progression of kidney damage, either measured by a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (49% in G4 vs 25% in G1), or the presence of albuminuria (P < 0.01). No association was found between DM control, based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and anemia in either sex (P = 0.887).
CONCLUSIONS: This study describes a high prevalence of anemia in PDM50, particularly in women, in the most advantageous people and in the presence of kidney disease, even in early stages, highlighting the clinical importance of this coexistence.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and the characteristics of anemia in patients with DM aged 50 or older (PDM50) in a healthcare district in the province of Cádiz.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted that included outpatient\'s laboratory tests (OLT) performed over 30 months at PDM50.
RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia was 29.9% (95% CI: 28.7%-31.1%), predominating in women (33.3% vs 26.7%; P < 0.01), in older people stratified by decades (61.7% in 9th decade vs 12% in 5th decade; P < 0.01), and in those with kidney disease (44.7% vs 28%; P < 0.01). Most cases were mild (68.3%), normocytic (78.7%), and hypochromic (52%). Similarly, moderate-to-severe anemia was more frequent in women (39% vs 23%), their prevalence increased with age (45% in the 9th decade vs 24% in the 5th decade), and with the progression of kidney damage, either measured by a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (49% in G4 vs 25% in G1), or the presence of albuminuria (P < 0.01). No association was found between DM control, based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and anemia in either sex (P = 0.887).
CONCLUSIONS: This study describes a high prevalence of anemia in PDM50, particularly in women, in the most advantageous people and in the presence of kidney disease, even in early stages, highlighting the clinical importance of this coexistence.
摘要：
背景：贫血是糖尿病（DM）患者的常见共病，尤其是老年人。然而,西班牙缺乏贫血患病率和贫血特征的数据.
目的：描述加的斯省某医疗区50岁或以上DM患者贫血的患病率和特征。
方法：进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，包括在PDM50下进行30个月以上的门诊实验室检查（OLT）。
结果：贫血的患病率为29.9%（95%CI：28.7-31.1%），在女性中占主导地位（33.3%vs26.7%；p<0.01），在按几十年分层的老年人中(第9个十年为61.7%，第5个十年为12%；p<0.01)，和肾脏疾病患者（44.7%vs28%；p<0.01）。大多数病例为轻度（68.3％），正常细胞（78.7%），和低色性（52％）。同样，中度至重度贫血在女性中更常见(39%vs23%)，他们的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加（第9个十年为45％，第5个十年为24％），随着肾脏损伤的进展，通过肾小球滤过率（GFR）下降（G4为49％，G1为25％）来衡量，或存在白蛋白尿（p<0.01）。没有发现DM控制之间的关联，基于糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c），和贫血在任何性别（p=0.887）。
结论：这项研究描述了PDM50中贫血的高患病率，尤其是在女性中，在最有利的人群中，在存在肾脏疾病的情况下，即使在早期阶段，强调了这种共存的临床重要性。
目的：描述加的斯省某医疗区50岁或以上DM患者贫血的患病率和特征。
方法：进行了一项回顾性横断面研究，包括在PDM50下进行30个月以上的门诊实验室检查（OLT）。
结果：贫血的患病率为29.9%（95%CI：28.7-31.1%），在女性中占主导地位（33.3%vs26.7%；p<0.01），在按几十年分层的老年人中(第9个十年为61.7%，第5个十年为12%；p<0.01)，和肾脏疾病患者（44.7%vs28%；p<0.01）。大多数病例为轻度（68.3％），正常细胞（78.7%），和低色性（52％）。同样，中度至重度贫血在女性中更常见(39%vs23%)，他们的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加（第9个十年为45％，第5个十年为24％），随着肾脏损伤的进展，通过肾小球滤过率（GFR）下降（G4为49％，G1为25％）来衡量，或存在白蛋白尿（p<0.01）。没有发现DM控制之间的关联，基于糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c），和贫血在任何性别（p=0.887）。
结论：这项研究描述了PDM50中贫血的高患病率，尤其是在女性中，在最有利的人群中，在存在肾脏疾病的情况下，即使在早期阶段，强调了这种共存的临床重要性。
