PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cultural and genetic inheritance combine to enable rapid changes in trait expression, but their relative importance in determining trait expression across generations is not clear. Birdsong is a socially learned cognitive trait that is subject to both cultural and genetic inheritance, as well as being affected by early developmental conditions. We sought to test whether early-life conditions in one generation can affect song acquisition in the next generation. We exposed one generation (F1) of nestlings to elevated corticosterone (CORT) levels, allowed them to breed freely as adults, and quantified their son\'s (F2) ability to copy the song of their social father. We also quantified the neurogenetic response to song playback through immediate early gene (IEG) expression in the auditory forebrain. F2 males with only one corticosterone-treated parent copied their social father\'s song less accurately than males with two control parents. Expression of ARC in caudomedial nidopallium (NCM) correlated with father-son song similarity, and patterns of expression levels of several IEGs in caudomedial mesopallium (CMM) in response to father song playback differed between control F2 sons and those with a CORT-treated father only. This is the first study to demonstrate that developmental conditions can affect social learning and neurogenetic responses in a subsequent generation.
摘要：
文化和遗传遗传相结合，使性状表达的快速变化，但是它们在决定跨代性状表达中的相对重要性尚不清楚。Birdsong是一种社会学习的认知特征，受文化和遗传遗传的影响，以及受到早期发育条件的影响。我们试图测试一代人的早期生活条件是否会影响下一代的歌曲获取。我们将一代（F1）雏鸟暴露于升高的皮质酮（CORT）水平，允许他们成年后自由繁殖，并量化了他们儿子（F2）复制社交父亲歌曲的能力。我们还通过听觉前脑中的即时早期基因（IEG）表达来量化对歌曲回放的神经遗传反应。只有一个接受皮质酮治疗的父母的F2男性复制其社交父亲的歌曲的准确性低于具有两个对照父母的男性。ARC在尾内侧nidopalium（NCM）中的表达与父子歌曲相似度相关，在对照F2儿子和仅接受CORT治疗的父亲之间，响应父亲歌曲播放的尾上中镓（CMM）中几种IEG的表达水平的模式有所不同。这是第一项证明发育条件会影响下一代社会学习和神经遗传反应的研究。
