Abstract：
BACKGROUND: This study aims to describe maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) trajectories in a longitudinal study extending from pregnancy to 27 years after the birth of the firstborn child. We also explored the associations of both MDS trajectories and child internalizing and externalizing problem trajectories with maternal adjustment (adaptive functioning, emotional and behavioral problems).
METHODS: The population-based study was conducted in Tampere, Finland, and the sample comprised 356 first-time mothers. MDS were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during pregnancy, first week after delivery, 2 and 6 months postnatally, and when the child was 4-5, 8-9, 16-17, and 26-27 years of age. The internalizing and externalizing problems of the children were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist when the child was 4-5, 8-9, and 16-17 years of age. Maternal adaptive functioning and internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed with the Adult Self Report at 26-27 years after the birth of the first child. Complete follow-up data were available for 168 mothers.
RESULTS: We describe a three-group trajectory model of MDS (High Stable, Low Stable, Very Low). Elevated depressive symptom patterns were associated with less optimal maternal outcomes regarding both adaptive and problem dimensions. The child\'s internalizing and externalizing problem trajectories were associated with maternal internalizing and externalizing problems but not with maternal adaptive functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal and child measures were based on maternal reports only.
CONCLUSIONS: The interconnectedness of the well-being of the mother and child should be noted in health and mental health services for adults and children.
METHODS: The population-based study was conducted in Tampere, Finland, and the sample comprised 356 first-time mothers. MDS were screened with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale during pregnancy, first week after delivery, 2 and 6 months postnatally, and when the child was 4-5, 8-9, 16-17, and 26-27 years of age. The internalizing and externalizing problems of the children were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist when the child was 4-5, 8-9, and 16-17 years of age. Maternal adaptive functioning and internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed with the Adult Self Report at 26-27 years after the birth of the first child. Complete follow-up data were available for 168 mothers.
RESULTS: We describe a three-group trajectory model of MDS (High Stable, Low Stable, Very Low). Elevated depressive symptom patterns were associated with less optimal maternal outcomes regarding both adaptive and problem dimensions. The child\'s internalizing and externalizing problem trajectories were associated with maternal internalizing and externalizing problems but not with maternal adaptive functioning.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal and child measures were based on maternal reports only.
CONCLUSIONS: The interconnectedness of the well-being of the mother and child should be noted in health and mental health services for adults and children.
摘要：
背景：这项研究旨在描述从怀孕到长子出生后27年的一项纵向研究中的母亲抑郁症状（MDS）轨迹。我们还探讨了MDS轨迹以及儿童内化和外化问题轨迹与母体调整（适应性功能，情绪和行为问题)。
方法：基于人群的研究在坦佩雷进行，芬兰,样本包括356名初产妇。在怀孕期间用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表筛查MDS，交货后的第一周，出生后2个月和6个月，当孩子4-5、8-9、16-17和26-27岁时。当儿童年龄为4-5、8-9和16-17岁时，使用儿童行为清单评估了儿童的内在化和外在化问题。在第一个孩子出生后26-27年，通过成人自我报告评估了产妇的适应功能以及内在化和外在化问题。完整的随访数据可用于168名母亲。
结果：我们描述了MDS的三组轨迹模型(高稳定，低稳定,非常低）。在适应性和问题方面，抑郁症状模式的升高与产妇结局不佳有关。孩子的内在化和外在化问题轨迹与母亲的内在化和外在化问题有关，但与母亲的适应功能无关。
结论：母婴措施仅基于产妇报告。
结论：在成人和儿童的健康和心理健康服务中，应注意母子福祉的相互联系。
方法：基于人群的研究在坦佩雷进行，芬兰,样本包括356名初产妇。在怀孕期间用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表筛查MDS，交货后的第一周，出生后2个月和6个月，当孩子4-5、8-9、16-17和26-27岁时。当儿童年龄为4-5、8-9和16-17岁时，使用儿童行为清单评估了儿童的内在化和外在化问题。在第一个孩子出生后26-27年，通过成人自我报告评估了产妇的适应功能以及内在化和外在化问题。完整的随访数据可用于168名母亲。
结果：我们描述了MDS的三组轨迹模型(高稳定，低稳定,非常低）。在适应性和问题方面，抑郁症状模式的升高与产妇结局不佳有关。孩子的内在化和外在化问题轨迹与母亲的内在化和外在化问题有关，但与母亲的适应功能无关。
结论：母婴措施仅基于产妇报告。
结论：在成人和儿童的健康和心理健康服务中，应注意母子福祉的相互联系。
