Abstract：
Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been used with the concealed information test (CIT) to detect concealed recognition of specific stimuli (i.e., \"probes\"). While most research has focused on the P300 component, which is larger for infrequent probes than for frequent control stimuli (i.e., \"irrelevants\"), some studies have investigated an earlier ERP component, the anterior N2, with mixed results. Although some studies have reported a larger anterior N2 for probes than irrelevants (N2 enhancement), other studies, including our own, have not found such an effect. The present study aimed to replicate and extend our previous findings using the same CIT paradigm and measurement parameters. Results of Bayesian analyses show strong evidence against the hypothesis of anterior N2 enhancement by probes, replicating our previous work. Bayesian analyses also show strong evidence against the hypothesis of N2 enhancement for the three components revealed by a temporal principal component analysis (PCA) conducted to disentangle potentially overlapping ERP effects. In conclusion, whereas the CIT has shown promise in detecting recognition of specific information, anterior N2 enhancement cannot be used as an electrophysiological measure of concealed information across CIT paradigms.
摘要：
事件相关电位（ERP）已与隐藏信息测试（CIT）一起使用，以检测特定刺激的隐藏识别（即，\"探针\")。虽然大多数研究都集中在P300组件上，对于不频繁的探针比对于频繁的控制刺激(即，\“不相关\”)，一些研究调查了早期的ERP组件，前N2，结果好坏参半。尽管一些研究报道了探针的前N2比无关的大（N2增强），其他研究,包括我们自己的,没有发现这样的效果。本研究旨在使用相同的CIT范式和测量参数来复制和扩展我们先前的发现。贝叶斯分析的结果表明，强有力的证据反对探针前N2增强的假设，复制我们以前的工作。贝叶斯分析还显示了强有力的证据，反对通过时间主成分分析（PCA）揭示的三个成分的N2增强假设，以消除潜在的重叠ERP效应。总之,而CIT在检测特定信息的识别方面显示出了希望，前N2增强不能用作CIT范式中隐藏信息的电生理测量。
