Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Trail running is a popular off-road sport involving running in natural environments over various terrains, often in remote locations. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology and risk factors of injuries and illnesses, i.e. medical encounters, on race day among trail runners in a high-altitude ultra trail race.
UNASSIGNED: This descriptive cross-sectional study on an ultra trail race (38 km, 65 km and 100 km) in South Africa, included participants 18 years or older. Of the 331 race participants, 285(86.1%) consented to participate in the study. Data collection included demographic details, injuries (body region, specific body area, tissue type, pathology) and illnesses (organ system, symptom cluster, etiology). Risk factor analysis includes sex, age, weight, height, race distance, illness and injury history, training and running experience. Frequency (n, %), prevalence (%) and odds ratios (OR; 95%CI) are reported.
UNASSIGNED: Eighty-nine (31.2%) individuals reported 131 medical encounters [49 injuries (37.4%); 82 illnesses (62.6%)]. Injuries were sustained by 14.7% of athletes, and 22.5% reported illnesses. For injuries, the lower limb was mainly involved (n = 41; 83.7%). Most injuries affected the foot (n = 18; 36.7%), ankle (n = 10; 20.4%) and knee (n = 7; 14.3%). Tissue types mainly involved skin (n = 21; 42.8%), ligament (n = 7; 14.3%) and muscle (n = 7; 14.3%). Multiple (n = 45; 54.9%) and gastrointestinal (n = 17; 20.7%) organ systems were mainly involved in illnesses. Only 100 km runners reported dehydration (n = 28; 31.5%), and one in every six of these runners (n = 5; 17.9%) did not finish. Runners reporting fatigue (n = 21; 23.6%) had a high (n = 8; 38.1%) did not finish rate. Two in every five participants (n = 36; 40.4%) with a medical encounter, did not finish. No medical encounter-associated risk factors were identified.
UNASSIGNED: Illnesses were more common than injuries during the mountainous ultra trail race. Sustaining a medical encounter increased the chance of not completing the race. Further research on the epidemiology of race day medical encounters in trail running is required.
UNASSIGNED: This descriptive cross-sectional study on an ultra trail race (38 km, 65 km and 100 km) in South Africa, included participants 18 years or older. Of the 331 race participants, 285(86.1%) consented to participate in the study. Data collection included demographic details, injuries (body region, specific body area, tissue type, pathology) and illnesses (organ system, symptom cluster, etiology). Risk factor analysis includes sex, age, weight, height, race distance, illness and injury history, training and running experience. Frequency (n, %), prevalence (%) and odds ratios (OR; 95%CI) are reported.
UNASSIGNED: Eighty-nine (31.2%) individuals reported 131 medical encounters [49 injuries (37.4%); 82 illnesses (62.6%)]. Injuries were sustained by 14.7% of athletes, and 22.5% reported illnesses. For injuries, the lower limb was mainly involved (n = 41; 83.7%). Most injuries affected the foot (n = 18; 36.7%), ankle (n = 10; 20.4%) and knee (n = 7; 14.3%). Tissue types mainly involved skin (n = 21; 42.8%), ligament (n = 7; 14.3%) and muscle (n = 7; 14.3%). Multiple (n = 45; 54.9%) and gastrointestinal (n = 17; 20.7%) organ systems were mainly involved in illnesses. Only 100 km runners reported dehydration (n = 28; 31.5%), and one in every six of these runners (n = 5; 17.9%) did not finish. Runners reporting fatigue (n = 21; 23.6%) had a high (n = 8; 38.1%) did not finish rate. Two in every five participants (n = 36; 40.4%) with a medical encounter, did not finish. No medical encounter-associated risk factors were identified.
UNASSIGNED: Illnesses were more common than injuries during the mountainous ultra trail race. Sustaining a medical encounter increased the chance of not completing the race. Further research on the epidemiology of race day medical encounters in trail running is required.
摘要：
■小径跑步是一种流行的越野运动，涉及在各种地形上的自然环境中跑步，经常在偏远地区。本研究旨在调查伤害和疾病的流行病学和危险因素，即医疗遭遇，在高空超步道比赛的赛跑运动员比赛日。
■这项关于超步道比赛的描述性横断面研究（38公里，65公里和100公里）在南非，包括18岁或以上的参与者。在331名比赛参与者中，285人（86.1%）同意参与研究。数据收集包括人口统计细节，伤害(身体区域，特定的身体区域，组织类型,病理学)和疾病(器官系统，症状群,病因学)。危险因素分析包括性别，年龄,体重,高度,比赛距离,疾病和受伤史，培训和跑步经验。频率(n,%),报告患病率(%)和比值比(OR;95CI).
■89（31.2%）个人报告了131次医疗遭遇[49次受伤（37.4%）；82次疾病（62.6%）]。14.7%的运动员受伤，22.5%的人报告疾病。对于受伤,下肢主要受累（n=41；83.7%）。大多数伤害影响了脚（n=18；36.7％），踝关节(n=10;20.4%)和膝关节(n=7;14.3%)。组织类型主要累及皮肤（n=21；42.8％），韧带(n=7;14.3%)和肌肉(n=7;14.3%)。多个（n=45；54.9％）和胃肠道（n=17；20.7％）器官系统主要参与疾病。只有100公里的跑步者报告脱水（n=28；31.5％），这些跑步者中的六分之一（n=5；17.9％）没有完成。报告疲劳的跑步者（n=21；23.6％）的完成率较高（n=8；38.1％）。每五个参与者中就有两个（n=36；40.4％）有医疗经历，没有完成。未发现与医疗接触相关的危险因素。
■在山地超级赛跑中，疾病比受伤更常见。保持医疗遭遇增加了不完成比赛的机会。需要进一步研究赛跑日医疗遭遇的流行病学。
■这项关于超步道比赛的描述性横断面研究（38公里，65公里和100公里）在南非，包括18岁或以上的参与者。在331名比赛参与者中，285人（86.1%）同意参与研究。数据收集包括人口统计细节，伤害(身体区域，特定的身体区域，组织类型,病理学)和疾病(器官系统，症状群,病因学)。危险因素分析包括性别，年龄,体重,高度,比赛距离,疾病和受伤史，培训和跑步经验。频率(n,%),报告患病率(%)和比值比(OR;95CI).
■89（31.2%）个人报告了131次医疗遭遇[49次受伤（37.4%）；82次疾病（62.6%）]。14.7%的运动员受伤，22.5%的人报告疾病。对于受伤,下肢主要受累（n=41；83.7%）。大多数伤害影响了脚（n=18；36.7％），踝关节(n=10;20.4%)和膝关节(n=7;14.3%)。组织类型主要累及皮肤（n=21；42.8％），韧带(n=7;14.3%)和肌肉(n=7;14.3%)。多个（n=45；54.9％）和胃肠道（n=17；20.7％）器官系统主要参与疾病。只有100公里的跑步者报告脱水（n=28；31.5％），这些跑步者中的六分之一（n=5；17.9％）没有完成。报告疲劳的跑步者（n=21；23.6％）的完成率较高（n=8；38.1％）。每五个参与者中就有两个（n=36；40.4％）有医疗经历，没有完成。未发现与医疗接触相关的危险因素。
■在山地超级赛跑中，疾病比受伤更常见。保持医疗遭遇增加了不完成比赛的机会。需要进一步研究赛跑日医疗遭遇的流行病学。
