Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vectors has necessitated the development of novel vector control tools. One such strategy involves the use of toxic sugar baits that targets the sugar-feeding behaviour of mosquito vectors. In this study, we investigated the potential of polyols, as a toxic food (sugar) source in toxic sugar baits against the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi Liston. We examined the acute toxicity of six polyols, namely, erythritol, glycerol, mannitol, propylene glycol (PG), sorbitol, and xylitol on adult female An. stephensi mosquitoes at two different concentrations - 2% and 10%. We also studied changes in fecundity, egg hatchability and mid-gut peroxide levels induced by polyol exposure.
RESULTS: Among the six polyol compounds tested, PG was most toxic and lethal followed by glycerol and erythritol (P < 0.001) compared to the control (sucrose). PG induced acute mortality at different tested concentrations. In the erythritol- and glycerol-fed groups, a dose-dependent effect on mortality was observed. Glycerol evidently reduced fecundity and egg-hatchability in gonotrophic cycles G1 and G2. Sucrose was the preferred food source (48%), followed by erythritol (18%), PG (10%) and glycerol (8%). Ingestion of polyols increased peroxide levels in mosquito guts, which persisted for extended durations ultimately resulting in rapid mortality (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the usefulness of sugar polyols for the development of toxic sugar baits with minimal yet effective ingredients. Further research could be focused on field experiments and on the exploration of synergistic effects of different polyols for optimization of field applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
RESULTS: Among the six polyol compounds tested, PG was most toxic and lethal followed by glycerol and erythritol (P < 0.001) compared to the control (sucrose). PG induced acute mortality at different tested concentrations. In the erythritol- and glycerol-fed groups, a dose-dependent effect on mortality was observed. Glycerol evidently reduced fecundity and egg-hatchability in gonotrophic cycles G1 and G2. Sucrose was the preferred food source (48%), followed by erythritol (18%), PG (10%) and glycerol (8%). Ingestion of polyols increased peroxide levels in mosquito guts, which persisted for extended durations ultimately resulting in rapid mortality (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the usefulness of sugar polyols for the development of toxic sugar baits with minimal yet effective ingredients. Further research could be focused on field experiments and on the exploration of synergistic effects of different polyols for optimization of field applications. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
摘要：
背景：主要疟疾病媒中杀虫剂抗性的发展需要开发新的病媒控制工具。一种这样的策略涉及使用针对蚊子媒介的食糖行为的有毒糖诱饵。在这项研究中,我们调查了多元醇的潜力，作为有毒的食物（糖）来源，有毒的糖诱饵对抗疟疾媒介斯蒂芬氏按蚊。我们检查了六种多元醇的急性毒性，即,赤藓糖醇,甘油，甘露醇,丙二醇（PG），山梨醇,和成年女性An的木糖醇。stephensi蚊子在两个不同的浓度-2％和10％。我们还研究了繁殖力的变化，多元醇暴露诱导的卵孵化率和中肠过氧化物水平。
结果：在测试的六种多元醇化合物中，与对照（蔗糖）相比，PG的毒性和致死性最强，其次是甘油和赤藓糖醇（P<0.001）。PG在不同测试浓度下诱导急性死亡。在红霉素和甘油喂养组中，观察到对死亡率的剂量依赖性效应.甘油显着降低了促性腺激素周期G1和G2的繁殖力和卵孵化率。蔗糖是首选食物来源(48%)，其次是赤藓糖醇(18%)，PG(10%)和甘油(8%)。摄入多元醇会增加蚊子肠道中的过氧化物水平，持续时间延长，最终导致快速死亡率（P<0.05）。
结论：本研究强调了糖多元醇在开发具有最少有效成分的有毒糖诱饵方面的有用性。进一步的研究可以集中在现场实验和探索不同多元醇的协同作用，以优化现场应用。©2024化学工业学会。
结果：在测试的六种多元醇化合物中，与对照（蔗糖）相比，PG的毒性和致死性最强，其次是甘油和赤藓糖醇（P<0.001）。PG在不同测试浓度下诱导急性死亡。在红霉素和甘油喂养组中，观察到对死亡率的剂量依赖性效应.甘油显着降低了促性腺激素周期G1和G2的繁殖力和卵孵化率。蔗糖是首选食物来源(48%)，其次是赤藓糖醇(18%)，PG(10%)和甘油(8%)。摄入多元醇会增加蚊子肠道中的过氧化物水平，持续时间延长，最终导致快速死亡率（P<0.05）。
结论：本研究强调了糖多元醇在开发具有最少有效成分的有毒糖诱饵方面的有用性。进一步的研究可以集中在现场实验和探索不同多元醇的协同作用，以优化现场应用。©2024化学工业学会。
