Abstract：
Effect modification of integrated neighborhood environment on associations of air pollution with mortality remained unclear. We analyzed data from UK biobank prospective study (n = 421,650, median 12.5 years follow-up) to examine disparities of mortality risk associated with air pollution among varied neighborhood settings. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PM10 and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were measured and assigned to each participants\' address. Diverse ecological and societal settings of neighborhoods were integrated with principal component analysis and categorized into disadvantaged, intermediate and advantaged levels. We estimated mortality risk associated with air pollution across diverse neighborhoods using Cox regression. We calculated community-level proportions of mortality attributable to air pollutants. There was evidence of higher all-cause and respiratory disease mortality risk associated with PM2.5 and NO2 among those in disadvantaged neighborhoods. In disadvantaged communities, air pollutants explained larger proportions of deaths and such disparities persisted over past decades. Across 2010-2021, reducing PM2.5 and NO2 to 10 μg/m3 (World Health Organization limits) would save 87,000 (52,000-120,000) and 91,000 (37,000-145,000) deaths of populations aged ≥ 40 years, with 150 000 deaths occurred in disadvantaged neighborhood settings. These findings suggested that disadvantaged neighborhoods can exacerbate mortality risk associated with air pollution.
摘要：
综合邻里环境对空气污染与死亡率关联的影响尚不清楚。我们分析了英国生物库前瞻性研究的数据（n=421,650，中位随访12.5年），以检查不同社区环境中与空气污染相关的死亡风险差异。细颗粒物（PM2.5），测量PM10和二氧化氮（NO2），并将其分配给每个参与者的地址。社区的不同生态和社会环境与主成分分析相结合，并分类为弱势群体，中间和优势水平。我们使用Cox回归估算了不同社区与空气污染相关的死亡风险。我们计算了可归因于空气污染物的社区级死亡率比例。有证据表明，在弱势社区中，与PM2.5和NO2相关的全因和呼吸系统疾病死亡风险较高。在弱势社区，空气污染物解释了更大比例的死亡，这种差异在过去几十年中一直存在。在2010年至2021年期间，将PM2.5和NO2降低至10μg/m3（世界卫生组织限值）将为40岁以上的人口节省87,000例（52,000-120,000例）和91,000例（37,000-145,000例）死亡。在不利的社区环境中发生了150000例死亡。这些发现表明，弱势社区可能会加剧与空气污染相关的死亡风险。
