Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections (NTM-PD) are becoming increasingly common in clinical practice, and early detection and accurate determination of the infecting pathogen is crucial for subsequent treatment. We report a case of NTM-PD in a healthy middle-aged female with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group (MAC) infection confirmed by mNGS examination.
METHODS: Appropriate laboratory tests, chest CT scan, bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) examination, and macrogenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) were performed to establish the diagnosis.
RESULTS: Chest CT showed multiple inflammatory lesions in the right middle lobe, and BALF sent for mNGS finally confirmed the diagnosis of MAC infection. After symptomatic treatment with azithromycin combined with ethambutol and rifampicin, the patient improved and was discharged from the hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with pulmonary infections, pathogens should be clarified early to determine the diagnosis. mNGS of BALF samples have high specificity in detecting pathogens of infectious diseases, especially complex mixed infectious disease pathogens.
METHODS: Appropriate laboratory tests, chest CT scan, bronchoscopic alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) examination, and macrogenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) were performed to establish the diagnosis.
RESULTS: Chest CT showed multiple inflammatory lesions in the right middle lobe, and BALF sent for mNGS finally confirmed the diagnosis of MAC infection. After symptomatic treatment with azithromycin combined with ethambutol and rifampicin, the patient improved and was discharged from the hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with pulmonary infections, pathogens should be clarified early to determine the diagnosis. mNGS of BALF samples have high specificity in detecting pathogens of infectious diseases, especially complex mixed infectious disease pathogens.
摘要：
背景：非结核分枝杆菌肺部感染（NTM-PD）在临床实践中变得越来越普遍，早期发现和准确确定感染病原体对后续治疗至关重要。我们报告了一例健康的中年女性，经mNGS检查证实患有结核分枝杆菌复合体（MAC）感染。
方法：适当的实验室测试，胸部CT扫描,支气管镜肺泡灌洗液（BALF）检查，和大基因组下一代测序（mNGS）进行建立诊断。
结果：胸部CT显示右侧中叶多发炎性病变，BALF送mNGS最终确诊为MAC感染。阿奇霉素联合乙胺丁醇和利福平对症治疗后，病人好转并出院。
结论：在肺部感染患者中，应尽早明确病原体以确定诊断。BALF样品的mNGS在感染性疾病病原体检测中具有较高的特异性,特别是复杂的混合传染病病原体。
方法：适当的实验室测试，胸部CT扫描,支气管镜肺泡灌洗液（BALF）检查，和大基因组下一代测序（mNGS）进行建立诊断。
结果：胸部CT显示右侧中叶多发炎性病变，BALF送mNGS最终确诊为MAC感染。阿奇霉素联合乙胺丁醇和利福平对症治疗后，病人好转并出院。
结论：在肺部感染患者中，应尽早明确病原体以确定诊断。BALF样品的mNGS在感染性疾病病原体检测中具有较高的特异性,特别是复杂的混合传染病病原体。
